
NORTH CAROLINA 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



G, ELLIS HARRIS, 



l 




A 




Class _ LKiLLl 



Book 



a._QA 



Go^rightU? JB_a 



i 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



North Carolina Constitu 
tional Reader, 

Being a 

Hand Book for Primary Use 

IN ONE PART 

BY 

GflELLIS HARRIS, 

Principal of Old Town-Field Public School, 
Littleton, N* C\ 



Raleigh: 

Printing Office 

St. Augustine's School 

1903 



1 




LIBRARY of CONGRESS 




Tw© Copies Received 




FEB 2 1904 


1 7 


j Copyright Entry 
Ct&SS, 0- 'x** N°- 

copy's 


\r 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1901 by 

G. Ellis Harris. 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washing-ton. 



< . i 



INTRODUCTION. 



To the many thousands of colored men in North 
Carolina who are unable to read and write and especial- 
ly to the youth of the State is this little bcok dedicat- 
ed. 

It has been the aim of the author in preparing this 
volume to make an assistant to the primary Spelling, 
Reading and Writing. 

The author has labored patiently and very careful- 
ly to make ready a Primary Reader that the unlearn 
ed man and lad may commence with the Alphabets 
and learn step by step to spell, and to read and write 
any section of the State Constitution, 

Short lessons in alphabetical spelling, and sentences 
containing words of. one, two or more syllables, taken 
from the Constitution have been placed in such a 
manner as to be of very much help to beginners in 
preparing themselves for the obligations that will 1 e 
required of most colored men who apply for registra- 
tion before December i, 1908 and of all men who ap- 
ply thereafter. 



INTRODUCTION 



The author has endeavored to arrange alphabetical- 
ly every word of the Constitution, divided and accent- 
ed all words of more than one syllable, in convenient 
columns that any one of them may be readily found, 
spelled and pronounced with ease. 

It is confidently hoped that diligent study of this 
book from beginning to end of the Constitution will 
prepare the illiterate voter for that imperative obliga- 
tion found in the amendments: "Every person pre- 
senting himself for registration shall ^e able to read 
and write oiy section of the Constitution in the Eng- 
lish language," 

All necessary words in the Constitution are accent- 
ed so that the reader may be more able to pronounce 
them. 

Having been teaching in the Public Schools for 
more than twenty years, the author is not yet willing 
to retire from the important duty, especially at this 
time, when education is so very essential, to impart 
to the colored youth the proper instructions that will 
place them in the attitude of an elector ere they 
come to years of maturity. 

Every colored man who cannot now read and 



write and who contemplates casting a ballot at any 
future election in North Carolina is most humbly re- 
quested to prepare himself by studying some primary 
speller and reader or some such treatise as this one. 

G. E. HARRIS. 

Littleton, N. C. April, 1901. 



Suggestions to My Colored 
Brethren* 



The thought of being deprived of the right to vote 
should be very humiliating to the illiterate young 
man who used his time at school in idleness, uselessness 
and frivolity, while his educated colored friend is 
prepared to cast his vote intelligently for his choice of 
candidates to administer the affairs of the country. 

I niDSt respectfully request my fellow teachers and 
learned citizens, and the mothers and fathers to see 
that the boys do not grow up in ignorance of the 
necessity of becoming good intelligent citizens of 
North Carolina. 

It is suggested that night schools should be estab- 
lished in every locality in the State where there is 
need of such that, the old men and young ones too, 
who can not read the Constitution, may be taught 
therein. 

It is every one's duty who has the privilege to 
train thebo} 7 s to impress upon their minds the im- 
portance of obtaining an education while tie.} art 



7 

SUGGESTIONS 



young. 

Some of oar ancestors carried their blue back spell- 
ers in their pockets and at convenient places and 
times would study lessons therein, thereby manifest- 
ing a great desire to become intelligent, notwithstand- 
ing they were slaves. 

It is now suggested that the carrying of books in 
the pockets be resumed and inasmuch as this one is 
of convenient size and can be easily carried, that it 
b^ taken and at all opportunities you learn step by step 
to spell, read and write correctly. 

It is further suggested that you, who are in doubt 
about being able to read and write, do not apply for 
registration before such doubt is removed by hard 
and persevering study. 

The history of the Negro Race in this country began 
at Jamestown in Virginia in the year of our Lord 1619 
when a Dutch trading vessel gave fouitcen of our 
grand-fathers in exchange for food and supplies, and 
in one half a century the number increased to nearly 
3,000, and as the number continued to increase by 
importation and otherwise their desire for education 
became obvious till now, there are more than 6,000 
professional men among the race. 



8 
SUGGESTIONS 



During their history the race has accumulated $ 920, 
000, 000 of real estate and personal property and more 
than $50, 000,000 of church property and yet there is 
need of improvement along religious, educational and 
financial lines, for thousands and thousands are elimin- 
ated from voting on account of their educational in- 
ability. 

However do not give up in utter despair but main- 
tain 3^our homes in the southland where you have be- 
come acclimated, remembering the darkest hour is said 

to be before dawn, and as light removes darkness so 
does education disperse all apprehension of being 
able to cast his vote according to the requirements of 
the organic law of our commonwealth. 

Your political future, dear brother, may seem dark, 
weary and dreary, but also remember after the storm 
comes the quietness and after the darkest cloud the 
brightest sunshine. 

The political storm has passed over and we find our- 
selves adrift upon the unknown political sea without a 
pilot or rudder and know not where the billows will 
land us, but let us pray the great Deliverer to enable 
us to glide swiftly and smoothly into the" haven of 
progress, where we will not be fearful of domination 



9 

SUGGESTIONS 



of politicians and of being hitched ' 'Outside and 
come in;'' into that haven of brotherly love where 
we mnst maintain a hope for looking after our religi- 
ous, educational and financial interests instead of 
politicial aggrandizements. 

Be thrifty, every one of you, accumulate property, 
build homes, educate yourselves and children, rear 
religious families and then let,s go to the ballot box 
and cast our votes as entelligent citizens, for our own 
choice of good men, irrespective of party affiliations. 



ro 



NORTH CAROLINA 





Alphabets. 




Capital Letters. 


3mai.Iv 


Letters. 


A 


Jif\ 


a 


€t 


B 


m 


b 


/ 


C 


<# 


c 


<2 


D 


&> 


d 


</ 


E 


s 


e 


<e 


F 


^ 


f 


/ 


G 


<g 


g 


? 


H 


&? 


h 


A 


I 


£ 


1 


t 


J 


f 


• 

\ 


/ 


K 


sr 


k 


/ t 


L 


& 


1 i 


/ 


M 


jt 


I 

| m 


in 


N 


Jf 




<n 



CONSTITUTIONAL REAPER 



n 



o 


© 





<2 


p 


g) 


P 


A 


Q 





q 


f 


R 


m 


r 


<*. 


S 


'■&■ ! 


s 


d 


T 


^ 1 


t 


/ 


U 


w 


13 


a- 


V 


Of 


V 


<& 


w 


9T 


w 


C<£ 


X 


9f 


X 


& 


Y 


& 


y 


f 


Z 


2f 


z 


$ 



& 



i2 NORTH CAROLINA 

Lesson 1 

The Ten different Figures and How They May 

be Combined* 

o, nought; i, one; 2, two; 3, three; 4, four; 5, five; 
6, six; 7, seven; 8, eight; 9, nine. 

Any other number may be expressed by repeating 
or variously combining these figures, 

as, 1 and 2 combined stands for 12, twelve; 

" 2 and 1 combined stands for 21, twenty-one; 

" 3 and 4 combined stands for 34, thirty-four; 

" 6 and 5 combined stands for 65, sixty-five; 

" 8 and o combined stands for 80, eighty; 

99 7 and 4 combined stands for 74, seventy-four; 

• 1 ,9,0 " 1 combined stands for 1901, nineteen hun- 
dred and one. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 13 

Lesson 2 

The Seven Roman Letters, 

I stands for the number i, one. 
V " " " " 5, five. 

X " << " " 10, ten. 

L stands for the number 50, fifty. 
C " " " " 100, one hundred. 

D " " - " 500, five hundred. 

M " " " " 1000, one thousand. 

All other numbers may be expressed by repeating 
or variously combining these seven capital letters. 

Their principal use is to indicate the hours on 
clocks and watches, and to denote the articles of the 
Constitution, and the chapters of the Bible, etc. 



ijl NORTH CAROLINA 



Lesson 3 

Table Showing Value of Roman Numbers, 

I stands for i, as Article I, one. 

II k '. " 2, " " II, two. 

III " " 3, " " III, three. 

IV " " 4, " " IV, four. 

V stands for 5, as Article V, five 

VI " " 6, " * l VI, six. 

VII " u 7, " " VII, seven. 
VIII " " 8, " " VIII, eight. 

IX stands for 9, as Article IX, nine. 

X '■' " 10, " " X, ten. 

XI " " 11, " (i XI, eleven. 

XII " " 12, " " XII, twelve. 

XIII stands for 13, as Article XIII, thirteen. 

XIV " (i 14, " " XIV, fourteen. 

Note. The Constitution contains fourteen articles. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



15 



Lesson 4 

Alphabetical Spelling and Reading for Copying 

Purpose* 

Notes. — 

All words of more than one syllable in the Spelling 

and Constitution are divided into syllables and 
accented. 

Accent is a special stress of the voice placed upon a 
syllable of a word, as the syllable (a), in the word 
(able), receives the special stress of voice. 

The accented syllable is indicated by the index (i). 

a'ble able 

aot'ive active 

all all 

Almight'y Almighty 

amend'ment ame?idme?U 

All must be a'ble to read and write. 
The American arm'ies are act'ive. 



American 


American 


and 


and 


are 


are 


arm'ies 


armies 


article 


article 



tuwtte 



t/e 



tJAe ?J&<rriexL<cccm €iK-?rii<ed ctwe <xcuw 



i6 



NORTH CAROLINA 



Lesson 5 



blood 
board 
bonds 
both 
breach 
Biar the best bills on board. 

^^seait /Ate aeSc ac//d c.<n /tact***/- 

Both bonds have become' val'id. 



bail 


bail 


bear 


bear 


become 


become 


best 


best 


bills 


bills 



Lesson 6 



call 
can 
cash 

cell 
choose 



rail 
can 
cash 

cell 
choose 



check 
claims 

clerk 
court 
crime 



We can call him for the court. 

"f'se cccvz cai€ Ait jk fow /Ae weivt. 

The clerk claims the check. 



blood 

board 

bonds 

both 

breach 



check 

claims 

clerk 

court 

crime 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 17 



Lesson 7 



date 


date 


deem 


deem 


deaf 


deaf 


die 


die 


death 


death 


do 


do 


debts 


debts 


drawn 


drawn 


deed 


deed 


due 


due 



Date the deed for the deaf man. 

cz^ZJtz/e /Ae c/eec£ /&<* /Ae €/ecc/ vnccn. 
Do not make debts in youth, 

&//& n€x/ ?netA:e cceu/d tit ^uot^cA. 

Lesson 8 

each each. en act' enact 

ed uca tion edit cat ion e qual equal 

eight eight ex' ecute execute 

elec' tion election ex tend' extend 

elec' tor elector ex' tra extra 

Each elec' tor must have an ed uca tion. 
En act' eight ex' tra elec' tion laws. 



1 8 NORTH CAROLINA 



Lesson 9 



fail 


fail 


fines 


fines 


faith 


faith 


first 


first 


fees 


fees 


for'ty 


forty 


fill 


fill 


fraud 


fraud 


line 


fine 


freedom 


freedom 



Fees and fines are first collected. 

°fse e.i a, rh % It n eS otr-e fot&l c ai/w/ecf. 
Fine the man and give him free dom. 

<j5Fcrie /Ae 'rnwn o^ntx wtit-e ricm fsKeetZ-t 

Lesson 10 



gifts 


gifts 


great 


great 


God 


God 


guard 


guard 


good 


good 


guar'dian 


guard ia?i 


grants 


grants 


guilt 


guilt 


grate'ful 


grateful 


guirty 


guilty 



Good men are grateful for the gifts. 

Cyaod inevi <3t7<.e ty>ia,fsf'tt fax uie a,c/c£ 
God grant us faith and health. * 

*_yc->c/ f y xrs /if tfj fct('//t <rt nc/ /iccfc/A. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



19 



Lesson 11 



has 


has 


homestead 


homestead 


health 


heal tli 


house 


house 


held 


held 


household 


household 


hold 


hold 


human 


human 


home 


home 


hus'band 


husband 



The hus'band has a homestead 

t_V Ae Au-dacc^n^/ And cc Aa / med/et&ce / < 

Give us health in stead' of mon'ey 

cue ccd Aectt/A c^id/e^tcC od 'm&M'ey,. 

Lesson 12 



id'iot 


idiot 


in'terest 


interest 


in' come 


income 


inter' nal 


internal 


insane 


insane 


is 


is 


instead' 


instead 


is' sue 


issue 


insure 


insure 


its 


its 



An id'iot may become' in sane. 

<^Ji/?x cWc&l Witfu u<ece / rri-e { /lict^h^ 
Six per cent in'terest is law'ful. 

^sc r /lex ce*h* trvle'X.e&l cS /cat 

/ / 



2o NORTH CAROLINA 



Lesson 13 

jail jail keep keep 

joint joint kept kept 

joint- stock joint-stock kitch' en kitchen 

judge j u dg' e knowledge k?iowledge 

July 1 July known known 

The judge will or'der the pris'on ers from jail. 

« J Ae ictc/ae tuc/t awc/en /Ae AwtSaMewd fa&<?ri fcit/i 

Know ledge is nec'es sary in the kitch'en. 

^stnatu/cc/tfse cd 'n.eceddaw'u t-n /Ae A;//vAe<n. 

Lesson 14 

la bor er /adorer lib'erty liberty 

land land li'en lien 

law'ful lawful lieu lieu 

laws laws line line 

le gal legal liii'e al lineal 

Give me lib' erty in lieu of land. 

^^ci^e wie iiae^ii/ tsn> iceu cd i€t<tic/. 

A laborer has a li'en on the line. 

£0t tciao-re-K A<xd a lte?z cw trie it net 

.. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



21 



Lesson 15 



mes'senger messenger mute 

main tain' maintain minority 

May May must 

men'tal mental mus'ter 

made made mes'sagfe 



mute 

minority 
must 
muster 
message 



You must not mus'ter the mute. 

t7^« -mctSc not mttd/en t/te mule 

The mes'sen ger made a mi nor'i ty report. 

tJAe )>ieJSen& e^y ca<rt<c/e & m(<n.areYu re/tow/. 

Lesson 16 

name name nom'inate nominate 

nation nation North Carolina North Caroli?ia 

nays nays Novem'ber November 

negro negro now now 

neither neither num'ber number 

Nom'i nate neither one of the men. 

>sTarne,'ri(Z,6e net'/Aen erne ol /ne r/teri. 
North Car o lina is a name I like. 

^JigkcA XOccko tenet cS cc -rice me Js ic/ce. 



2 2 



NORTH CAROLINA 



Lesson 17 



oath oath or'd^r 

offend'ers offenders or'phan 

office office ought 

old old overt 1 

on'ly ojily own'er 

We ought to assist' the or'phan. 



order 

orphan 

ought 

overt 

owner 



Oath of office is required' by law. 



wecC &w €& 



T 



a at. 



Lesson 18 



paid paid 

par' don pardon 

peace peace 

pen'al ty penalty 

pledged pledged 



police police 

poll poll 

pow'er power 

pris' oners prisoners 

private private 



The police can'not par' don the pris' oners. 

r_V Ae Aottce cannot A aw c/&n tne /iKtSanevS. 

Private offend'ers paid the pen'al ty. 

tjr wi wet te cMewc/e / Kd h^ccc/ trie fee nctl/i/ 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



23 





Lesson 19 




qualified 


qualified 


Ral'eigh 


Raleigh 


qual'ity 


quality 


rec'ord 


record 


quar'tered 


quartered 


reg' ister 


register 


ques'tion 


question 


rents 


rents 


quorum 


quorum 


rule 


rule 



The quorum may have qualified. 

Ral'eigh is the cap'ital of North Carolina. 

t-ec^n t£ cne cce/icceci <xf tyjcwcn JOt&x&Ct'A 



c^ict. 



Lesson 20 



sale 


sale 


sol'dier 


secure 


secure 


state 


seize 


seize 


support' 


sever 


sever 


supreme 


sher'Tff 


sheriff 


swear 



soldier 

state 

support 

supreme 

swear 



Seize the soldier and secure the state. 
tSte^e cne SoMcer a^ic/ Secwe /ne &/<%/& 
Each one must support the constitution. 

(OcXc/z one <mudi Sei/iho^l Cne con&ltla lean 



24 NORTH CAROLINA 

Lesson 21 

trades /; ades 

t r a n s m i t ' t ed ira n sm itted 

treas'ur er treasurer 

trustees trustees 

trusts trusts 

The trades were taxed on Thurs'clay. 

Mon'ey is trans mit'ted to the tieas'urer. 
> / t / Z<)> / yie / i£ rd irciwd/rri/lted la trie lj<ecfJu)'e<K. 



taxed 


Le 

taxed 


term 


term 


tes'ti many 


testimony 


ti'tle 


title 


towns 


towns 



Lesson 22 



unable unable up on' 

un'der under up' ward 

un'ion union use 

Unit'ed States United States use'fulh 
im til' until 



up > on 
upward 
use 
usefully 

uses 



us es 
Use this one tin til' there is peace. 

C/C6e cAcS &ne uw/t/ //lexe /j /tectce 
The great Un'ion is the U nit'ed States. 

J ne a,xect/ concert cS //ie c l/nt/#cJ ts/ct/ed. 



CONS II TUT ION A L RE A DER 



Lesson 23 



va cant 


vacant 


vi va vd ce 


vivavoce 


val'id 


valid 


vote 


vote 


val'ue 


value 


vot'er 


voter 


view 


view 


vot ers 


voters 


vil'lage 


village 


votes 


votes 



The vot'er can view the vacant seat. 
Vot' ers do not vote vi va vo ce. 

Lesson 24 



c« 



waive 


waive 


year 


year 


was 


zvas 


years 


years 


we 


we 


yeas 


yeas 


writ 


zvrit 


youth 


youth 


write 


zvrite 







We waive the right to write the writ. 
The youth was twelve years old. 



Dissimilar Words of Th 


z Constitution. 




Alphabetically Arranged. 


a bil'ity 


acknowledge 


affirmed'' 


a hie 


ac quired' 


a fore said 


able-bodied 


act 


after 


a bol'ished 


act'ing 


a gainst' 


a bol'ish ing 


ac'tion 


age 


a bout' 


ac'tions 


ag'es 


a bove 


ac'tive 


agree 


ab'ro gate 


acts 


a greed' 


absence 


act'ual ly 


ag ri cul'tu ral 


ab' solute ly 


ad her' ing 


ag ri cul'ture 


a buse 


ad journ' 


aid 


a bu'ses 


ad'journ ment 


al'iens 


ac cept' 


ad judged' 


arimony 


ac cess'ible 


ad minister 


all 


ac'ci dent 


admin'is tered 


al leged' 


ac com' pan ied 


ad opt'ed 


al legi ance 


ac cord' ance 


ad op'tion 


al lot' 


ac cor'ding 


ad vice 7 


al low' 


ac count' 


ad vise' 


al low' ance 


ac crue' 


ad vis'er 


al low'ed 


ac crued' 


af fairs' 


Al migh'ty 


ac'cu rate 


affect' 


al'so 


ac cu sa'tion 


af firm' 


alt'er 


accu'sers 


affirm a'tion 


al' tered 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



27 



altering 


ap pear' 


as certain' ing 




al though' 


ap pertaining 


as se'm ble 




amend ed 


ap plication 


as sem' bled 




amending 


ap plied 


as s^m'bling 




amend' men t 


ap ply' 


as sern'bly 




amend' ments 


ap ply'ing 


as sent' 




American 


ap point 


as sess* 




among' 


ap point'ed 






amount' 


ap poin tees' 


as signed' 




an 


ap point' nient 


as sist* 




an'cient 


ap point ments 


as sdciate 




and 


ap por' tionment 


as sociation 




a new' 


ap prdpriated 


as sociations 




an'nu al ly 


ap propriations 


as sunie 




an oth'er 


ap prov'al 


at 




an'swer 


are 


at tain'der 




an'swers 


arisMng 


at tained 






arnries 


at tempt 




an'y 


arm ing 


at tend' 




an'}' wi^e 


arms 


Attorney-Gen' 


eral 


apart' 


ar'son 


A iid' i tor 




ap par' 1 


article 


A u' gust 




ap peal' 


as 


authority 




appeal ' 


as cer tained' 


au'lhorize 





28 



NORTH CAROLINA 



a verse' 


bien'ni al ly 


c. 




bill 


call 


B. 


bills 


called 


bail 


bind'ing 


can 


bal'iot 


bless' ing 


can 'not 


be 


blind 


capac'ity 


bear 


blood 


Cap ita'tion 


bear'ing 


board 


care 


be come' 


bod'y 


cared 


be com' in g 


bonds 


car'ried 


been 


born 


car'ry 


be fore' 


bor'row ing 


car'ry ing 


be gin' 


both 


case 


be half 


boun'da ries 


cas'es 


be'ing 


branch'es 


casli 


be long'ing 


breach 


cast 


be low' 


bridg'es 


cas'u al 


be nef'i cent 


build'ings 


cause 


ben'e fit 


bul'warks 


caus'es 


ben'e fits 


burg'la ry 


cease 


be queathed' 


bus'i ness 


cell 


best 


but 


cem'e teries 


bet'ter 


hy 


cen'tral 


between' 




cer'taih 


be vol id' 







CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



29 



challenge 
change 
changed 
char'i ta ble 
char'i ties 
charge 
charg'es 
Chief Jus'tice 
chil'dren 

choose 

chos'en 

Christian 

cit'ies 

eit'izen 

cit'i zenS 

eic'i z^tiiliip 

cit'y 

civ 11 

civ'il ized 

claim 

claims 

claim' ing 

class' es 

clear 

clerk 



clerks 
col lect'ed 
col lec'tion 
col'ored 
com bined' 
com' fort 
com'ing 
com mand'ed 



com pa nies 
com pelled' 
com pensation 
com'petent 
com ple'tion 
com ply' 
com posed' 
comprehend'ed 



com man' der-in- chief com pttt'ed 

con cealed' 



com me nee 
com menced' 
com mis'sion ers 
com mis'sions 
com mit' 
com mit' ted 
crn mit' tee 
com'mon 
com mu'nicate 
com muni ty 
com muta'tion 
com muta'tions 



con science 
con' sciences 
con cur'rence 
con current 
con dition 
con ditious 
con'duct 
con fer'red 
con fessed' 



JO 



NORTH CAROLINA 



con fes'sion 
con fined' 
conflict' 
con front' 
con'gress 
con nect' 
con nec'tion 
con sent' 
con'se quence 
con sid er a'tion 
con bist' 
con si st' en t 
con sist'ent ly 

consisting 

con'stable 

con'sti tute 

con sti tu'tion 

construed' 

consult' 

con ta'gious 

con tain' 

con tained' 

con tain'ing 

con tig'u ous 
con tin'gent 



con tin ue 
con' tract 
con tract'ing 
contrary 
con tra ven'tion 
con trol' 
con' trover sies 
con'tro versy 
con vene' 
con vened' 
con ven' i en t 
con ven'tion 
con veyed' 

con'vict 

con vict'ed 
con vic'tion 
con tin'u ance 
con'victs 
co-or'dinate 
cop'y 
cor'o ner 
cor'o ners 
eor'po rate 
cor po r a'tion 
cor po ra'tions 



cor rec tion 
cor rup'tion 
costs 
coun'cil 
coun'sel 
count'ed 
coun'ter signed 
eoun'ties 
count' ing 

coun'ty 

course 

court 

courts 

ere a' ted 
ere a'tion 
Cre a' tor 
cred'it 
cred'it ors 
cred'its 
crime 
crim'i nal, 
cru'el 

D 

dan'ger ous 



CONST! f ill 'ZONA L RE A DER 



3i 



date 


demand' 


die 


day 


de mand'ed 


differ ent 


days 


de ni'al 


diminished 


deaf 


de nied' 


di rect' 


death 


denom'in ated 


di rect'ed 


debt 


de ny' 


di rect'ly 


debts 


de part' me nt 


di rec'tion 


de ceased' 


de pend'ence 


di rec'tors 


De cem'ber 


de pend'ent" 


dis abilities 


de ci'sion 


de prive' 


disabil'i ty 


de ci'sions 


depriv'ed 


dis charge' 


de cla ra'tion 


de riv'ed 


dis charg'ing 


de clare' 


de scend'ant 


dis'ci pline 


de clared' 


de scent' 


discrimin a'tion 


deed 


de scribed' 


dis pos'ing 


deeds 


des'ti tute 


dis posi'tion 


deem 


determ'ine 


disqualifica'tion 


deemed 


determined 


disqualified 


de fence' 


de vise' 


dis seized' 


def'i cit 


devis'ed 


dis sent' 


defined' 


devis'es 


dis solve' 


de lay' 


de vote' 


dis'tance' 


de layed' 


devolve' 


dis tinct' 


del' e gated 


dic'tates 


distinction 



32 

dis trib'u tive 

district 

districts 

dis'tricting 

di vid'ed 

div'i dends 

di vid'ing 

di vis' ion 

di vorce' 

do 

does 

dol'lars 

done 

doub'le 

draw'ing 

drawn 

due 

du'el 

dues 

du'ly 

dur'ing 

du'ty 

du'ties 

dwell'ing 



NORTH CAROLINA 



E. 

each 

ed'ucat ed 
edu ca'tion 



enact'ing 
en cour'aged 
en cour'age ment 
en dowed' 



ed u ca'tion al en dow'ment 

ef feet' 

eight 



eight'een 
ei'ther 
e lect' 
elect'ed 
e lec'tion 
e lec'tions 
e lee' tor 
e lee' tors 
e lee' tive 
el igi bil'ity 
el'i £i ble 



en emies 

en force' ment 

en gage'ments 

Eng'lish 

enjoy' 

en joy'ing 

en su'ing 

entails' 

en'ter 

en'tered 

en'ter ing 

en ti'tle 

en ti' tied 



e man ci pa'tion en trust'ed 
e mol'u nietits e nu mer a'tion 
employ'ed e'qual 

enuploy'ment e qual'i ty 
em powered' e'qnally 
en act' e quip' ping 



CONSTITUTIONAL 


READER 33 


eq'ui ta bly 


exclusive 


ex tend' 


^q'uity 


ex clu'sive ly 


ex tend ed* 


e quiv'alent 


ex'e cute 


ex'tra 


erec'tion 


ex* e cut ed 


ex tra of di nary 


es cheats 


ex ecu' don 




essen'tial 


ex ec f u tive 


F 


es tab'lish 


ex empf 


fact 


es tablished 


ex empf ed 


fail 


establishing 


ex emp'tion 


fail" ure 


establishment 


ex emp'tions 


faith 


es tate' 


ex'er cise 


faithfully 


estate's 


ex'ercised 


fall 


•es trays' 


exiled' 


far 


e vent' 


exist' ence 


farmed 


i*v'er 


ex isfing 


farm'efs 


ev'ery 


ex of fi'cio 


farming 


evl dence 


ex pe'di ent 


fa f vor 


evl dent 


ex pen'di tures fees 


ex am i na'tion 


ex pense 


feigned 


'ex ceed' 


ex pens'es 


fel'o ny 


exceeding 


ex pi ra'tion 


fe'male 


•ex cepf 


ex post faclo 


fifteen 


ex ces'sive 


express' 


fifty 


excluding 


ex pressed' 


fight 



34 



NORTH CAROLINA 



fight' ing 


found 


give 


fill 


found' ed 


giv'en 


filled 


flour 


gViag 


li' rial 


frac'tions 


go 


fi nan'ces 


fran'chises 


God 


find' ing 


fraud 


good 


fine 


free 


goods 


fines 


free'doin 


gov'erned 


first 


free'hi>ld 


gov'ern ment 


five 


free'ly 


gov'er nor 


fixed 


fre'quent 


grant 


fol' low ing 


from 


grants 


for 


fruits 


grant' ed 


for bid' den 


fund 


grate' ful 


force 


fun da mental! 


great 


fare go'ing 


fur'ni ture 


grit v' an ces- 


for ev'er 


fut'ure 


guard 


for'feit ure 




guar'di an 


for'feit ures 


G 


guilt 


form 


gen'er al 


guil'ty 


for ma'tion. 


gen er a'tion 




formed 


ge'ni us 


H 


forms 


gift 


Ha' be as Cor' pus* 


lor'ty 


gifts 


hap'piness 



CONS TITUTIONAL READER 



35 



hard 

has 

have 

hav'ing 

health 

hear 

heard 

held 

help 

hereafter 

here by' 

her ed'it a ry 

here in' 

here in after 

here in be fore 5 

here to fore' 

high'est 

high' ways 

Hi in 

hi m -self 
his 
hold 
Iiold'iag 

home 



home' stead 

home' steads 

hon'ors 

house 

household 

hous*es 

how 

howev'er 

hu'mah 

hun'dred 

h us* band 

h us* band ry 

I 
id'iot 

if 

ilf ness 

im me di ate ly 



mi mi gra tion 



mi pair 
im peached" 
im peach* ing 
im peach* me nt 
im peach' merits 



im'ple merits 
im plied' 
im pose* 
im posed* 
im post' 
impris'on ment 
im prove 7 meat 
in 
inability 

in afiena ble 

include 

In clud'ed 

in clu*sive 

in come 

in* comes 

in coni.pat'i bte 

in con' si stent 

in cor po rat ed 

in crease* 

in creased' 
in cum' bents 
in cur red 
IiVdi an> 
in diet* nvent 



j6 



NORTH CAROLINA 



in dict'ments 


in 


struc'tion 


jail 


in'di gent 


in' 


stru ments 


jails 


in di rect'ly 


in 


sure' 


Jan u a ry 


in di vid'ual 


in 


sured' 


join ed 


in di vis'i bil i ty 


in 


sur ec'tion 


joint 


in e'bri ates 


in 


tent' 


joint' stock- 


in fa'mous 


in 


'ter est 


jour' n al 


in fe'ri or 


in 


'ter ests 


jour'nals 


in'fer race 


in 


ter fere' 


judge 


n firm i ty 


in 


ter mar riage 


judg es 


in flict'ed 


in 


ter' n a 1 


judg'inent 


in for ma'tion 


in' 


to 


ju di'ci al 


in form ed' 


in 


yal'id 


Ju ly' 


in fri'ng ed* 


in va'siou 


ju ris dic'tiojo 


in hab'i tant 


in 


vest'ments 


jury 


in her'ent 


in 


vi'o la ble 


jus'tice 


injurious 


in vol' un ta ry 


jus'ti ces 


in jury 


is 




jus'ti fy 


in quire' 


• * 

is 


sue 




in sane' 


is' 


sued 


K. 


{ii tead' 


is' sues 


keep. 


in sti tut'ed 


it 




kept 


in sti tuitions 


its 




kitch'eii 


in struct' 


. 


h 


know'iug ly 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



37 



knowl'edge 


leg'i slate 


loan 


known 


legislation 


loan'ing 




leg i sla'tive 


local 


L. 


leg i sla'ture 


long'er 


la'bor 


le git'i mate 


loss 


la'bor er 


lend 


lot 


la'bor ers 


less 




la'bor ers 


lev y 


M. 


laid 


lev'ied 


made 


land 


lev'y ing 


main tain' 


lands 


li a bil'i ties 


main tained' 


jan'guage 


li' a ble 


main tain'ing 


larg'er 


lib'er ties 


main tain ance 


larg'est 


lib'er ty 


ma jor'i ty 


lat'ter 


li'bra ries 


make 


law 


lien 


mak'ing 


law'ful 


lieu 


male 


Law'ful ly 


lieu ten'ant 


male-practice 


law'ful ness 


life 


man 


laws 


like 


management 


least 


lim'its 


man'kind 


leav'ing 


line 


man'ner 


le'gal 


lin'eal 


man'slaugh ter 


le'gal ly 


lit'er a ry 


mar'riage 



38 



NORTH CAROLINA 



mar' ri ages 


mi nor'i ty na'tion 


mar'ried 


mis cella'neotts 


na'tions 


mat'ter 


mis de mean'or 


nat'tt ral 


mat/ters 


mis de mean'ors 


nat'u ral ized 


May 


made 


na'ture 


means 


modified 


nays 


meas' tires 


mod'i fy 


near 


mechanical 


Mon'day 


near' est 


me changes 


raon'ey 


near'ly 


mechanic's 


monkeys 


nee'es sa ry 


meeting 


mo nop' o lies 


ueed'ful 


mem' her 


months 


neg gleet' 


mem'bers 


mo ral'i ty 


Ne'gro 


men 


more 


Ne'groes 


men'tal 


mo'tion 


nei'ther 


mentioned 


mti ni'ci pal 


net 


mere'l}' 


murder 


nev'er 


mes'sage 


must 


new 


mes'sen ger 


nuts' ter 


next 


meth'ods 


mute 


nine 


mile'age 


N 


nine teen 


mil ; i ta ry 


name 


nine'ty 


mi li'tia 


named 


no 


min'ing 


names 


noni i nate 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



39 



hor offen'ees 

nor'mal of fend'er 

North Car oli'na offenders 
not offering 

noth'ing offers 

uo'tice office 

No vem' ber of f i ces 

now officer 

num'ber of fi cera 

often 
O. often er 

oath old 

ob'ject : f > j* on 
obligation once 

ob li ga'tions one 

oc ca'sioti one'-fifth 

oc ca'sions only 

oc'cu pied o'pen 

oc cur' op'er ate 

oc cur' ring op press'ive 

oc curs' op' t ion 

of or 

off or dain' 

offence' or'der 



or'di nance 

or'di nan ces 

or'di na ry 

organ i ga'tion 

or'g&n iziug 

of phan 

orphans 

o rig'i nal 

originates 

oth'er 

oth'ers 

oth'er wise 

ought 

our 

out 

otit-lawed' 

over 

o vert' 

owes 

own 

own'er 

P 

paid 



40 



NORTH CAROLINA 



par 

par' a mount 

par'don 

par' dons 

part 

parts 

particularly 

par' ties 

part'ner ships 

par'ty 

pass 

passed 

pay 

pay'ing 

pay'ment 

peace 

pe cun'ia ry 

pe'nal 

pen' al ties 

pen'al ty 

pend'ing 

pen iten'tiary 

peo' pie 

per 



per cent' 
per form' 
per formed' 
pe'riod 
pe' ri ods 
per ju ry 
per' ma neht 
per mit'ted 
perpe tu'ities 
per' son 
per' son al 
per' sons 
per tain' 
per tains' 
pet'ty 
phys'ical 
place 
plac'es 
plan 
pledge 
paint 
po lice' 
polit'ical 
poll 



£ ■ ^ 



poor 

pop' u la tion 
por'tion 
posi'tions 
pos sess 
pos sessed' 
pos sess'ing 
poster'i ty 
pov'er ty 
pow'er 
pow'ers 
prac'ti ca b1e 
prac'tice 
pre am'ble 
pre ced'ing 
pre'cinct 
prej'udice 
preni'ises 
pre pare' 
pre scribe' 
pre scribed' 
pres'ence 
present' 
pre sent'ed 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



41 



presenting 
pre sent'ment 
preser va'tion 
pre ^erve' 
pre side' 
pres'i dent 
pre sid'ing 
press 
pre text' 
prevent' 
pre vent'ed 
pre'vi ous 
pre'viously 
pri'or 
pris'on 
pris'on ers 
pris'ons 
prin'ci pies 
print' ed 
pri'vate 
priv'ileg es 
pro ced'ure 
pro ceed' 
pro ceed'ed 



pro ceed'ing 
pro ceed'ings 
pro ceeds' 
proc'ess 
proclamation 
pro fes'sions 
profit 
profits . 
pro gress ive ly 
prohib'it ed 
pro mote' 
prop'er 
prop'er ty 
pro pos'es 
proposing 
propo si'tion 
pros'ecute 
pros' e cut ed 
pros ecu' tions 
protec'tion 
pro tern' po re 
pro' test 
pro tract' ed 
pro vide* 



pro vid'ed 
pro vi'sion 
provisions 
pro vis' o 
pnb'lic 
pub'lish 
published 
pun'ish a ble 
pun'ished 
pun'ish ing 
pun'ish ment 
pun'ish ments 
pur' c has es 
pnr'pose 
pur'pos es 
pur su'ance 
pur su ant 
pur suif 
put 

Q 

qual i fi ca'ticn 
quali fica' tions 
qual'i fied 



'42 



NORTH CAROLINA 



qual r i fy 


rec'og nized 


re lig'ious 


quartered 


rec omrnend' 


re main' 


q ties' tion 


rec ommend'a tory re main'der 


questions 


rec' or d 


re main' ing 


quo' rum 


re cur'rence 


re me'di al 




re dress' 


rem'e dy 


R. 


re duce' 


rents 


race 


re en act'ed 


re mov'al 


rail'roads 


re form 


j re move' 


raise 


refuge 


re tnoved' 


Raleigh 


reg'is ter 


ren'dered 


faipe 


reg'is ter ed 


re pealed' 


rate ' - 


reg is tra'tion 


repel' 


rat'i 'fled 


reg'u lar 


re port' 


ra' tio ' : 


reg'u late 


re port'ed 


read 


reg'u lat ed 


re ports' 


read'iiij^ 


reg'u lat ing 


rep re sen ta'tion 


real 


reg u la'tion 


rep re sent' a tive' 


re a ' son 


reg u la'tions 


rep re sent'atives 


tea'sons 


re lat'ing 


re prieve' 


re Del'lion 


re la'tion 


re prieves' 


re ceipts' 


re la'tions 


re pug'nant 


>i 3 ► ■ri J 
re ceive 


rel'a tive 


rep u ta'tion 


re cess' 


re lig'ion 


re quire' 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 43 



re quired' 


re tro spect'ive 


sale 


re quire' m en ts 


re iro specrively 


sales 


re quir'ing 


re turn' 


sal' a ries 


req'ui site 


re turning 


same 


re side' 


re turns 


sat'is fy 


re sid'ed 


rev'e nue 


schools 


res'i dence 


re view f 


sci en tif'ic 


res'i dent 


re vi' si on 


scru'ples 


res ig na'tion 


right 


seal 


re sist'ed 


right' ful ly 


sealed 


re solve' 


rights 


search 


res o lu'tion 


ri'ots 


seat 


reso lu'tions 


roads 


se cede' 


respecting 


room 


sec'ond 


re spect'ive 


ro ta'tion 


sec'onded 


respectively 


route 


se'cret 


re spon'si ble 


rule 


sec' re ta fy 


rest 


rul'er 


sec'tion 


re store 7 


rules 


sec' t ions 


re stored" 




se cure 


restrained' 


S 


se cured 7 


re strict' 


sa'cred 


secu'ri ties 


re stric'tions 


safe'ly 


se civ ri \y 


re tained' 


said 


seize 



44 



NORTH CAROLINA 



se lect'ed 


shall 


some 


self-ev'i dent 


shares 


soon 


self-sup port'ing 


she 


source 


sen ate 


sheep 


sovereign 


sen/ a tor 


sher'iff 


speak'er 


sen a tc/ri al 


sheriffs 


speak'ers 


seVa tors 


should 


spe'cial 


send 


sig'ni fied 


spec'i fled 


sentence- 


si'g'xja ture 


stand 


sen'teneed 


signed 


standing 


sep'a rate 


since 


state 


sep'a rat ed 


sit 


stat'ed 


serve 


sit'u at ed 


state's 


serv'ice 


six 


stat ; ing 


services 


six'teen 


statistics 


serv r i tude 


six'ty 


stat'ute 


ses'sion 


slave 


stat'utes 


ses'sions 


slav'er y 


stead' i ly 


set 


so 


stocks 


sev'en 


soci'e ties 


strengthen ing 


sev'en ty 


sol'dier 


strict 


sev'er 


sol'diers 


structure 


sev'er al 


sole 


style 


se/'er al ly 


soremn ly 


subject 


sex'es 


so lie'i lors 





CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



45 



sub mif ted 


sup port'ed 


sub or' din a tion 


sup press' 


sub scribe' 


sup' pressing 


sub'sti tute 


su preme' 


sub ver'sion 


sur vey'or 


sue ceed' 


sus pect'ed 


sue ceed'iug 


sus pend'ed 


sue ces^'ive ly 


sus pend'ing 


sue cess' or 


swear 


sue cess'ors 


swamp 


such 


sys'tem 


sue 




sued 


T. 


siif fi'cient 


take 


suffrage 


taken 


sug ges'tions 


takes 


suits 


tak'ing 


sum 


taught 


sum'moned 


tax 



su per in tend'encetax a'tion 
su pt r in tend'ent taxed 
su pe ri or tax'es 

su per vi'sion tax'ing 

sup port' ten 

they 



term 

termed 

terms 

ter'ri tory 

tes'ti mony 

than 

that 

the 

their 

them 

them selve ' 
t en 
there 

there after 
there by' 
there for' 
there' fore 
there from' 

there in' 

there of 

there on' 

there to' 

there with' 

these 

think 



4 6 



NORTH CAROLINA 



third 


transmit' 


un a'ble 


thir'teen 


transmitted 


un al'ien a ble 


thir'ty 


trav'el 


n al'tered 


this 


trea'son 


u nan'i mous 


those 


treas'ur er 


una void'a ble 


thou' sand 


treas'ur y 


un claimed 


three 


tri'al 


un'der 


three-fifths' 


tried 


un ex pired' 


Thurs'day 


trust 


un fin'ished 


thus 


trust ees' 


un for'tu nate 


time 


trusts 


u'ni form 


times 


try 


un'ion 


ti'tle 


tu i'tion 


Unit'ed States 


to 


twelve 


u ni vers'i t}- 


togeth'er 


twen'ti eth 


unjust 


tol'er at ed 


twen'ty 


un less' 


town 


twen'ty-five 


un mar'ried 


towns 


twen'ty-one 


uutil' 


town'ship 


tvvice 


un us'u al 


town' ships 


two 


up 


trade 


two-hun'dred 


up on 


trades 


two-thirds' 


up'ward 


trans ac'tion 




us 


transfer' red 


U 


use 



/f 



CONS TI TUTIONA L 


READER 47 


u ed 


vot'er 


w r here in 


use'ful ly 


vot'ers 


where of 


tis'es 


votes 


wheth'er 


us'u al ly 




which 


V. 


W. 


while 


va'can cies 


waive 


whilst 


va'can cy 


waiv'er 


white 


va'cant 


war 


whites 


va'cate 


ward 


who 


va'cant 


war' rants 


whole 


val'id 


was 


whom 


val'ue 


we 


whose 


val'ued 


weap'ons 


wid'ow 


va'ri ous 


wear'ing 


wid'ow hood 


ver'dict 


wed'lock 


wife 


vest'ed 


Wednesday 


will 


view 


well 


wit 


vil'lage 


what 


with 


vil'lages 


what ev'er 


with in' 


vir'tue 


what so ev'er 


w 7 ith out' 


vi'va vo'ce 


when 


wit'ness es 


viz, namely 


w T hen ev'er 


work 


vol' mi tary 


where 


wor'ship 


vote 


wheie by' 
where' fore 


writ 



48 NORTH CAROLINA 

write wr:ng years 

writ'ing yeas 

writs Y. youth 

writ' ten year 



C0NS11TUTI0NAL READER 49 

Constitution 

of the 

State of North Carolina* 



PREAMBLE, 

We, the peo'ple of the State ot North Car o li'na 
grate' ful to Ai might'y God, the Sov'ereign Rul'er 
of na'tions, for the pre ser va'tion of the Amer'i can 
Un'ion, and the ex ist'enceof our civ'il, political, and 
re lig'ious liberties, and acknowl'edg ing our de- 
pend'ence up on' Him for the con tii/u ance of those 
bless' ings to us and our poster' i ty, do, for the more 
cer'tain se cur i ty there of, and for the bet' tier gov' - 
ern ment of this State, ordain' and es tab'lish this 
Constitution. 

ARTICLE I. 

Dec la ra'tion Of Rights. 

That the great, gen'er al, and es sen'tial prin'ci pies 
of lib'er ty and free gov'ern ment may he rec'cgnized- 
and es tab'lished, and that the rela'tions of this State 
to the Un'ion and gov'ern ment of theUnit'ed States, 
and those of the peo'ple of this State to the rest of the 
Amer'i can peo'ple may be de fined' and af firmed', 
we do de clare' : 



jo NORTH CAROLINA 



Sec'tion i. 

THE EQUAl/lTY AND RIGHTS OF MEN. 

That we hold it to be self ev'i dent that all men ar 
ereat'ed e'qual; that they are endowed' by their Cre 
a ; tor with cer'tain in aVien able rights; that am ox;.; 
these are life, lib'er ty, the en joy'ment of the iiui 
of their own la'bor, and the pursuit' of bap'pi ness. 

Sec'tion 2. 

po mt'i cajl pow'er and gov'ern ment. 

That all political power is vest'edin, aid derive 

from the peo'ple; all government of right orig'inat 

from the peo'ple, is icurd'td up en' their will ci/1 

and is instituted sole'ly for the gocd of the who! 

Sec'tion 3. 
inter'nai. gov'ern meet of the state 
That the peo'ple of this State have the in her'ei 
sole, and ex clu'sive right of reg u lat'ing the in ter ; i 
government and police' thereof, and of al'teringa 
a bol'ish ing their Con sti tu'tion and form of gov'e 
ment whenever it maybe nee'essary for their safe 
and hap' pi ness: but ev'e ry such right should be e 
er cised in pur su'ance of law, and consistent ly w 
the Con sti tu'tion of the U nit'ed States. 

Sec'tion 4. 
no right to se cede' 
That this State shall ev'er re main' a mem'ber of 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 51 

American Un'ion; that the peo'ple thereof are part 
f the A mer'i can Na'tion; that there is no right on 

the part of the State to se cede', and that all at tempts 
roni what ev'er source or up on' what ey'er pre text* 
o dissolve' said Un'ion, or to sev'er said Na'tion, 
ught to be resist/ ed with the whole pow'er of the 

Btate. 

Sec 7 tion5. 

I* LE'GIANCE TO THE U NIT' ED STATES GOVERN MENT 

That ev'er y cit'i zen of this State owes par' a mount 

\\ le'giance to the Con sti tu'tion and Gov'eru ment of 

he Unit'ed States, and that no law or or'di nance of 

he State in con tra veu'tion or sub ver\sion thereof, 

:an have any bind'ing force. 

Sec'tion 6. 
cer'tain debts and bonds de clared'. 

The State shall nev y er as sume or pay , or au'thor ize 
the col lee'tion of ari'y debt or ob li ga'tion,ex press- 
ed or im plied' in cur' red in aid of in stir rec'tion or re- 
bellion a gainst' the U nit'ed States, or an'y claim for 
the loss or e marici pa'tion of an'y slave; nor shall the 
Gen'er al As sem'bly as sume'or pay , or au'thor ize the 
:ol lee'tion of an'y tax to pa}- eith'er direct' ]y or in- 
di rect'ly, expressed' or im plied , any debt or bond' 
ncur^red, or is' sued, b\ 7 au thor'i t}^ of the con veh'- 
tion of the year one thou'sard eight hur/dud and 
sixty -eight, nor an'} debt or bond, incur' red or is' sued 
by the leg is la'ture of the year one thou'sand eight 



S? 



NORTH CAROLINA 



hun'dred and six' ty -eight, eith' er at its spe'cial ses'- 
sion o the year one thou' sand eight bui/ditd ai.d 
sjx t\ -eight' 01 at its reg'ular ses'sions oi the )t£is 
one thoi 'sand eight hun-dred and nx'ty-eight and 
one thou'saud eight hun'dred and six'ty-nine, and one 
thou'' sand eight hun'ditd and sev'enty, exctpt't e 
bonds is'sued to fund the in'terest on the old debt 
the State un less' the pro pos'mg to pay the j-aint shal 
have first been submit'ttd to tl e pto'pk ai c. 1 \ ihtn: 
rat'i fitd by the vote of a ma jor'ity of all the qual'i- 
fied vot'ers of the State, at a regular elec'tion lielu 
for that pur' pose. 

Sec'tion 7. 

EXCLl/siVE EMOl/u MENTS, &C. 

No man or set of men are enti'tkc 1 to exclu'siv 

or sep arate emol'uments or privileges iioni th 

community but in consideration of pub'l :c strv'icij 

Section 8. 
the legislative, ex ec'utive, and judl'cl 
pow'ers distinct'. 
The Legislative, Ex ec'u tive, aid hipieirt' ]\\ 
di'cial pow'ers of the gov 'em ment ought to l.efor <. ; 
ersep'arate and distinct' from each oth'er. 

Sec' t 1 on 9. 

OF THE rOw'ER CF St S PENl/lNG LAWS- 

All pow'er of suspending laws, or the execu'tr 
of laws, by an'y au'tjci ity, without' the con sent' j 



CONS TITUTIONAL READER 53 



the repre sent' a tives of the peo'ple, is iu ju'n ous to 
their, rights, and ought not to he ex'er cisea. 

Sec'tion io 
elections free.- 
All elections ought to be free 

Sec'tion i i. 
in crim'i nae pros e cu'tions 
In all crim'i nal prose cu'tiors, ev ery man hasthe 
right to be in formed' of the ac eu sa'tion against' bin 
and to confront' the ac cus'ers and v if re.^s es with 
otli'er test' i inony, and to have counsel for his defence 
and not I e com pelled' to give ev' iden.ee against' Lira 
self or io pay costs, jail lees, or nee'essary vvit'ness 
fees of the de fence', unless' found gnil'ly , 

Sec'tion 12. 
an'swers to crim'i nal charg'es. 
No per' son shall he put to an'sver ar'y crim'ina 
charge, ex cept' as herein after allowed', but by in- 
dict' ment, present' inent; or im peach'ment. 

Sec'tion 13. 

right of ju'ry. . 

No per' son shall be convicted of an y crime but bv 
the unan i m-ous ver diet of a pi ry of good and law 
ful.men in open court. The Leg is la' tore may, how 
ev er, provide' other means of trial for pet'jty mis de , 
mean'or&V with the right of ap peal'. 



•-• .-v 



54 NORTH CAROLINA 

Sec'tion 14. 
ex ces'sive baie 
Excessive bail should not be required', nor exces'- 
sive fines im posed' nor cru'el or un us'ual pun ish- 
ments in fiict'ed. 

Sec tion 15. 
gen'er ai, war' rants. 
G^n'eial war' rants, whereby' an')' of'fi cer or mes' 
senger may be com mand'ed to search sus pect'ed 
plac'es, with out' ev'i dence of the act com mit'ted, or 
to seize any per'son or per sons not named, whose of 
fence' is not par tic'u lar ly de scribe'd and sup port' 
ed by ev'i deuce, are d;,n'ger ous to lib'er ty and ought 
not to be grant'ed 

Sec'tion 16 

IM PRIS'ON MENT FOR DEBT. 

There shall be no im pris'on ment for debt in this 
State, ex cept' in cas'es of fraud. 

Sec'tion 17. 
no person to be tak'en, &c, but by law of the 

UND, 

No per'son cught to be tak'en, im pris'oncd, or 
dis seized' of his free'hold, lib'er ties, or priv' i leg es 
or out lawed', or exiled', or in an'y man'ner deprived 
of his life, lib'er ty, or prop'erty, but by the law of 
the land. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 55 

Sec'tion 18. 
per'sons restrained' of lib'er ty. 
E/ery person restrained' of his lib'er ty is en tit' - 
lei t ) a rem'e dy to inquire' in' to the lawfulness 
thereof ,and to remove' the same, if unlaw'ful; and 
such rem'e dy ought not to be de nied' or de layed'. 

Sec'tion 19. 
Con'tro ver sies At Law Respect' ing Prop'er ty 
In all con'tro ver sies at law re spect'ing prop'er ty, 
the ati'cieut mode of tri'al by ju'ry is one of the best 
se cur'itiesof the rights of the peo'ple and ought to 
remain' sa'cred and in vi'o la ble. 

Sec'tion 20. 

Free' dom Of The Press. 

Tie free' dom of the press is one of the great bul'- 

Wirks of lib'er ty. and there' fore, ought nev'er to be 

re strained', but ev'ery in di vid'ual shall be held re- 

spon'si ble for the abuse' of the same; 

Sec'tion 21. 
Ha' be as Cor' pus 
The priv'i leg es of the writ of Ha! beas Cor 1 pus shall 
not be sus pend'ed 

Sec'tion 22. 
Prop'er ty Qual i fi ca'tion 
As pol i'ti c al rights and privileges are not de- 



56 NORTH CAROLINA 



pend'ent upon or mod'i fied by ; , prop'er ty, . there' - 
fore no prop'er ty qual i fi ca'tion ought to effect' the 
right to vote or hold office. . 

Sec'tion 23. 

REP RE SENTA'TION AND TAXATION 

Tae pej'pleof the State ought not to be tax'ed, or 
made subject tn the pay'ment of any im'post -or du'ty 
with out' the consent' of themselves', or their rep re- 
seut'a tives in gen'er al Assem'bly, free'ly giv'en. 

Sec'tion 24. 
miei'tia and the right to bear arms. 
A well reg'u l&t ed mi li'tia be'ing nec'es sa ry to 
the secur'i ty of a free State, the right of the peo'ple 
to keep and bear arms shall not be in fringe' d ; and as 
•stand'ing ar'mies in time of peace, are dan'ger ous to 
lib'er ty, they ought not to be, kept up. and the mili- 
tary should be kept un'der strict subordination to, 
and gov'erned by, the civ'il pow'er. Noth'ing here in' 
contained' shall jus' ti fy the p ac'tice of car'ry ing 
con cealed' weap'ons, or pre vent' the Leg is la'ture 
from e nact'ing pen'al stat'utes a gainst' said prac- 
tice. 

Sec'tion 25. 

right of the peo'ple to assemble to geth'er 
The Peo'ple have a right to as sem'ble togeth'er 



CON S'IITUTI ONAL REA DER 5; 

Co consult' for their com'mon g"ood, to in struct' 
their rep re sent' a tives, and to ap ply' to the Leg is- 
lat'ure for re dress' of griev'au ces. But se'cret po- 
lit'i cal so ci'e ties are dan'ger ous to the lib'er ties of 
a free peo'ple, and should not be toiler at ed. 

'sec'tion 26, 
relig'ous eib'erty. 
All men have a nat'ur al and un al'iena ble right to 
worship Al might' y God ac cord'ing to the dic'tates 
of their own con'scienc es, and no hu'man au thor'i ty 
should, in an'y case whatever, co:i trol' or inter- 
fere' with the rights of con f science. 

Sec'tion 2.7 J' 

ED U CATION. 

The peo'ple have the right to the priv'i lege of ca- 
ll ca'tipa, and it is the duty of the State to guard 
and main tain' that right. 

Section 28, 
elec'tions should be fre'quent. 

For re iress' of grievances, aird for a mend'ing 
and strengthen ing the laws, elec'tions should b- 
often held. 

SECTION 29, 

RECURRENCE TO FUN DA MEXT'AL PRIN'CI PLES. 

A fre'quent re cur'rence to fun da raent'al prin'ci- 
pies is at/ so lute ly nee'es sary to pre serve' the bless- 



5 8 NORTH CAROLINA 

ings of lib'er ty. 

Sec'tion 30. 

HE RED'l RA RY E MOl/u MENTS, &C. 

No he red'i ta ry e mol'u ments, priv'i leg es or hon' 
ors ought to be grant'ed or con fer'red in this State; 

Sec'tion 31. 

PER PE Tu'l TIES, &C. 
Per pe tu'i ties and mo nop'o lies are con'tra ry to the 
ge'ni us of a free State, and ought not to be al lowed'. 

Sec'tion 32. 
ex post fac'to laws. 
Re tro spec'tive laws, pun'ish ing acts com mit'ted 
be fore' the ex ist'ence of such laws and by them on'ly 
declar'ed crim i'nal, are op pres'sive, un just' and in- 
com pat'i ble with lib'er ty; where'fore no expostfac'to 
law ought to be made. No law tax' ing re tro spec'- 
tive ly sales, pur'chas es, or oth-er acts pre'vi ous ly 
done, ought to be passed. 

Sec'tion 33. 

slav'ery pro hib'lt ed 

Slav'ery and in vol'un tary ser'vi tude, oth'er wise 

than for crime, whereof the par'ties shall have been 

du'ly con vict'ed, shall be y and are hereby', for e'ver 

pro hib'ited with in' the State. 

Sec'tion 34. 
state boun'da ries. 
The lim'its and boun'da ries of the State shall be 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 59 

and re main' as they now are. 

Sec'tion 35. 

COURTS -SHAU, BE OPEN. 

All courts shall be o'pen; and ev'ery per'son, for an 
in'ju ry done him in his lands, goods, per'son or rep- 
utation, shall have rem'e dy by due course of law, 
and right and jus'tice ad min'istered with out' sale 
de ni al or delay'. 

Sec'tion 36. 

soi/diers in time of peace. 

No sol'dier shall in time of peace be quartered in 

an'y house with out' the ccn sent' of the own'er; nor 

in time of war, but in a man'ner prescribed' by !aw\ 

Sec'tion 37, 
oth'er rights of the peo'pi^e. 
This e nu mer a'tion of rights shall not be con stru- 
ed' to im pair' or den y' otVers re tained' by the peo'- 
ple; and all powders not here in' del egat'ed, re main' 
with the peo'ple. 

ARTICLE II. 

Legislative Department. 

Sec'tion i. 

two branch' es, 

The Legislative authority shall be vest'ed in 

two distinct' branches, both depend'enton the peo'- 

ple, to wit: A Sen'ate and House of Rep re sent'a- 

ves, 



6o NORTH CAROLINA 



Sec'tion 2. 

TIME OF AS SEm'bEY. 

The Sen'ate and House of Rep re serif a tives shall 
meet hi en'ni al ly on the first Weclnes'day after the 
first Mon'day in Jaiifu a ry next after their e ite'tion; 
and when as sem'bled shall be de nom'in at ed the 
Gen'eral Assem'bly. Nei'ther House shall proceed' 
upon' pub'lic bus'i ness uii'less' a major i ty ot all the 
mem'bers are acfu ally pres'ent. 

Sec'tion 3. 

xum'berofsen'ators. 



T!.i2 S^r.'ate shall be com posed' of fifty Seii'a tors, 
bi en' ni al ly chos'en by bal'lot. 

Sec'tion 4. 

kect u la'ttoxs in rela'tion to dis'trict ing 

THE STATE FOR SEn'a TORS. 

The Sen'ate Districts shall be so al'tered by the 
Gen'er al As'sem bly , at the first ses'sion after the re- 
turn' of ev'ery e nu mer a'tion by or'der of Con'gress, 
that each Sen' ate Dis'trict shall con tain', as near as 
may be, an e'qual num'berof in habitants, ex ciud'- 
ing al'ieus and In'di ans not taxed, and shall re main' 
un al'tered un til' the re turn' of an oth'er enu mer a'- 
tion, and shall at all times con sist' of con tig'u ous 
ter'ri to ry ; and no coun'ty shall be di-vid'ed in the for- 
ma' tion of a Sen'ate Dis'trict, un less' such coun'ty 
shall be eq'ui ta bly en ti'tled to two or more Sen'a tors 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 61 

Sec'tion 5. 

REG U LATIONS IN RE LA'TION TO AP POr'TION- 
liEKT OF REP RE SENl'ATlVES. 

The House of Representatives shall be composed 
of one hun'dred and twen'ty rep re sent'a tives, bi en- 
ni al ly chos'en by bal'lot, to be elected by the conn' 
ties re spect'ively, ac cord'ing to their pop u la'tion, 
and each coun'ty shall have at least one rep re sent' 
a.tive in the House of Rep re sent'a tives, al though 
it may not con tain' the req'iii site ra'tio of rep re 
sen ta'tion; this apportion ment shall be made by the 
Gen'er al As sem'bjy at the re spec' tive times and pe' 
ri ods when the Districts of the Sen'ate are here 
in be fore' di rect'ed to be laid off. 

Sec'tion 6. 
ra'tio of rep re sen ta'tion. 
In mak'iug the ap por'tion ment in the House o 
Rep re sent'a tives, the ratio of rep re senta'tion shal 
be ascer tained' by divid'ing the a mount' of the pop - 
u la'tion of the State, ex clu'sive of that com pre 
hend'ed with in' those coun'ties which do not sev'er 
ally con tain' the one hun'clred and twen'ti eth part 
of the pop u la'tion of the State, by the num'ber of 
Rep re sent'a tives, less the num'ber assigned' tc 
such coun'ties; and in ascer tain'ing the num'ber or 
the pop u la'tion of the State, al'iens and In'di ans 
Hot taxed shall not be in clud'ed. To each county 



62 NORTH CAROLINA 

I Ml IHII Willi II ■!! ■Illl ■iiiii wi inn— ■ " 

con tain'ing twice but not three times the said ra'tio, 
there shall be assigned' two Rep re sent'a tives, and 
so on pro gress'ive ly, and then the re iLain'irg Rep- 
re sent' a tives shall be assigned' severally to the 
coun'ties hav'ing the larg'est frac'tions. 

Sec'tion 7. 

QUAI, I FI CAPTIONS FOR SEN' A TORS. 

Each mem'ber of the Sen'ate shall not be less than 
twen'ty-five years of age, shall have re sid'ed in the 
State as a cit'izen two years, and shall haveus'ual ly 
re sid'ed in the District for which he is chosen, one 
year im me'di ate ly pre ced'ing his e lec'tion. 

Sec'tion 8. 

QUAI, I FI CAPTIONS FOR REP RE SENT' A TIVES. 

Each mem'ber of the House of Representatives 
shall be a qual'i fied e lee' tor of the State, and shall 
have re sid'ed in the county for which he is chos'eif 
for one year im me'di ate ly pre ced'ing his e lec'tion 

Sec'tion 9. 
E sec'tion of of'fi cers. 
In the e lec'tion of all of'fi cers, whose appoint' 
ment shall be confer'ed upon' the Gen'eral Assem' 
bly by the Con sti tu'tion, the vote shall be viva vcf c 

Sec'tion 10. 
pow'ers in re i,a'tion to di vorce' and al'i mo n 
The Gen'eral Assem'bly shall have pow er to pa 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 63 

gen'er al laws reg'u lat ing di vorce' and al'i mo ny, 
but shall not have pow'er to grant a di vorce' or se- 
cure al'i mo ny in an'y in di vid'u al case. 

Sec'tion 11. 

PRI'VATE LAWS IN RELATION TO NAMES OF 

per'sons, &C. 
The Gen'er al Assem'bly shall not have pow'er to 
pass an'y pri'vate law r to al'ter the name of an'}' per'- 
son or to le git'i mate an'y per'son not born in law'- 
ful wed'lock, or to re store tc the rights of cit'i zen- 
ship an'y per'son con vict'ed of an'y in fa'mous crime, 
but shall have pow'er to pass gen'er al laws reg'ulat- 
ing the same. 

Sec'tion 12. 
thir'ty days' no'tice for the pas'sage of pri'- 
vate laws. 
The Gen'er al Assem'bty shall not pass an'y pri'- 
vate law, tin less' it shall be made to ap pear' that 
thir'ty days' no'tice of ap pli ca'tion to pass such a 
law shall have been giv'en, un'der such di rec'tion, 
and in such man'ner as shall be pro vid'ed by law\ 

Sec'tion 13. 

va'can cies. 

If va'can cies shall occur' in the General As sem'- 

bly by death, res ig na'tion or oth'erw T ise, w 7 rits of 

elec'tion shall be is'sued by the Gov'ern or un'der 

such regu la'tions as may be pre scribed' b> law. 



64 NORTH CAROLINA 

Sec'tion 14. 
rev'e nue. 

No law shall be passed to raise mon'ey on the cred'- 
it of the State or to pledge the faith of the State, di- 
rect' ly or in di rect'ly, for the pay'ment of an'y debt, 
or to irii pose' an'y tax up on' the peo'ple of the States, 
or to al low' the coun'ties, cit'ies or towns to do so, 
un less' the bill for the pur'pose shall have been lead 
three sev'eral times in each House of the Gen'er al 
As sem'bly, and passed three sev'eral readings, 
which readings shall have been on three differ ti.t 
days, and a greed' to b)' each House respective ly, 
and un less' the yeas and nays on the sec'ond and 
third read'ing of the bill shall have been eu'tered on 
the Jour'nal. 

Sec'tion 15. 

entails'. 

The Gen'er al As sem'bly shall reg'u late en tails' 
111 such man'ner as to prevent' perpe tu'i ties. 

Sec'tion 16. 

jour'naes. 

Each House shall keep a jour'nal of its pro eeed'- 
ings, Which shall be print'ed and made pub'lic im- 
me'di ate ly after the ad journ'ment of the Gen'er al 
As sem'bly; 



CONSliTUTIONAL READER 6j 

Sec'tion 17. 

PROTEST. 

An'} r tnetn'ber of ei'ther House may dissent' i'tom, 
and protest' against' , an'y act or re Solve', which he 
may think in ju'ri ous to the pub'lic, oran'y in di vict- 
ual, and have the reasons of his dissent* en'tered on. 
the jour'naL 

Sec'tion 18. 
of' fi cers of the house. 
The House of Rep re sent'atives shall choose their 
own speak'er and oth/er of fi cers, 

Sec'tion 19. 

PREs'l DENT OF THE SENATE. 

The Lieu teu'ant-Gov'^rnor shall preside' in tfoe 
Sen'ate, but shall have no vote un less' it may be e*- 
qual ly di vid'ed. 

Sec'tion 20 

OTH'eR SEN A TO'RI AE OF'fI CERS. 

The Sen'ate shall choose its oth'er of fi cers and af - 
.so a speak T er(/r# tem'po re)\\\ the ab'sence of the Lieu- 
ten'atit-Gov'ernor, or when he shall ex'ercise the of- 
fice of Gov'ernor. 

Sec'tion 21. 
style of the acts. 
The style of the acts shall be: "The Gen'er al As- 
tern' blv of North Caroli'na do en acf . ' ' 



66 NORTH CAROLINA 



SEC'TION 22. 

pow'ers of the gen'er ae as sem'bey. 
Each House shall be judge of the qual i fi ca'tions 
aBBF^ lec'libli^bf its own mem'bers, shall sit up on' its 
^wh^^jburn'^nlent from day to day, pre pare' bills to 
bypassed WW iawS; and the two Hous'es may also 
jomfly &d ]ou^- td an'y fut'ure day, or oth'er place. 

Sec'tion 23. 

BIEES AND RES O EU TIONS TO BE READ THREE TIMES. 

All Bills and lies 6 )u' tipns of a leg'isla tive na'- 
ture shall be read three times iii each House, be fore' 
they pass in'to laws; and' shall be signed by the pre- 
siding officers of both Hous'es. 
: v • Sec'tion 24. 

OATH EOR MEM'BERS. 

Each mcm'ber of the Gen'er al As sem'bly, be fore' 
tak'ing his seat, shall take an oath or af fiirm a'tion 
that he will support' the Con sti tu'tion ;uid laws of the 
Unit'ed States, and the Con sti tu'tion of the State 
of North Car pli'na, and will faith'ful ly dis charge' 
his du'ty as a inem'ber of the Sen'ate or House of 
Rep re sent/ a lives. 

Sec'tion 25. 

TERMS OF OF'fICE. 
The terms of office for Sen'a tors and Mem'bers 
o. the House of Repre sent'a tives shall commence' 
at the time of their elec'tion. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 67 

m i 11 —^— *— — ■ — — — — — — — — , 

Sec'tion 26. 

YEAS AND NAYS.--.-. ., u.j 

Upon\ mo'tion made and .seconded in ei'ther 
House, by one'-fifth of the mem'bers pres'ent, the 
yeas and hays up on' an'y qtie.s'tion shall be taken 
and en'tered upon' the journals, ^ 

Sec'tion 27. : 

e eec'tion for mem'bers of the gkn'eral as sem'- 

bey: - ** ""••• ; - ' ' ' " : '•' 

The elec'tion tor mem'bers of the Gen'eral As- 
sern'hly shall be held for -t^e : ?f4&€pect'ive dis'tricts 

and com/ ties,' at the places %liSre : they are now- 
held, or may be directed hefe after to beheld, in 
such tnan'ner as may be pre scrirjetr' BV .MW; on the 
first Thurs'day in Au'gust, in thenar one thou'sand 
eight hui/dred aud sev'en ty, and e-v/e^V " ^o^^ears 
there after. But the Gen'eral ' As sem'^ly ^Ma#- 
change the time of hold'ing the elections. d r 'M- M% 

Section 28. •-■'*'". 

pay of members and of'fi cers of the gen- f ® 

ERAL ASSEm'bEY; Ex'TRA SSs'siON. 

"the mem'bers of the Gen'eral As sem'bly for the 
term for which they have beeue lect'ed, shall re ceive' 
as a corn pen sa' tiou for their ser' vie es the sum , of 
four dsl'lars per day for each day of their ses'sipn 
for a pe'ri od not ex ceed'ing six'ty da\ r s; and should 
they remain' long'er in ses'sion, they shall serve with 



68 NORTH CAROLINA 



out' coin p~;i s/tioiu They shall al'so be en ti'tled to 
receive' ten cents per mile, both while com'ing to the 
.seal oi go\ em ment and while ieturi/nig Lcnit, the 
si i Lis' l i i.:e t> oe cjoi pufed by tiietiear'est line or 
route of p i > lie trav'el. The com pen sa'tion of the 
pre sid'iug officers of the two Hous'es shall be six 
(u>i lars ^er day and mile'age. Should an ex'trases'* 
sioii of the Gen'eral As sem'bly be called, tne mem'- 
bcr> and pre sid'ing officers shall re ceive' alike rate 
ol com pen sa'tion for a pe'ri od not ex ceed'ing twen'- 
ty d,«*ys. 

A.RXICLE III. 
KxEC'utrtVK De part'mknt. 

Sec'tiojs i. 

OF r Fl CKR» OF THE EXEG'uTIVE DE PART'mKNT; 



TERMS OF OF'fiCE 



Ttoe Ex ec'u tive De part'mknt shall con sisf of a 
•Gov'emor, in whom shall be vest'ed the su preme 
ex^e'u tive power of the State, a Lieu ten'ant-Gov'- 
ern or, a Sec' re ta ry of State, an Aud'it or, a Treas'- 
ur er, a Su per in ten'dtnt of Pub'licln struc'tion, and 
;;n Attor'ney Gen'er al, who shall be elect'ed for a 
term of four years by the qual'i fled e lee' tors of the 
State, at the same time and plac'es and in the same 
man'uer as mem'bers of the Gen'eral Assem'bly are 
elecfecL Their terra of of fice shall com meuce' on 
the first day of Jan'uary next after their elec'tion, 
a i I c >ti tin' ne iin til' their successors are e lect'ed 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 69 

and qnal'ified: Provid! ed, that the officers first 
elect'ed shall assume' the da 'ties of their office tei; 
days after the ap prav'al of this Constitution by 
the Con'gress of the Unit'ed States, and shall hold 
their offices four years from and after the firat day 
of Jan'u ary. 

Sec'tion 2. 

QUAt I FI CA'TIONS OF GOVERNOR AND LIEUTEn'- 

ant-gov'ern OR. 
No pei's >n shall be-el'i gi ble as Gov'ern or or Lieu- 
tea ant- ux»v ern or unless he shall have attained' 
the age of thir'ty years, shall have been a cit'i zen of 
tu (J ilt'ed States five years, and shall have been a 
res'i dent of this State tor two years next be fore' the 
e lec'tion; nor shall the per' son e lect'ed to ei'ther of 
these two offices be eligible to the same office 
more than four years in an'y term of eight years, un- 
less' the office shall have been cast up on' him as Ueu- 
ten'ant- G >v'ern or or Pres'i dent of the Sen'ate. 

vSec'tion 3. 

returns' of elec'tions. 
The re turn' of ev'er y e lec'tion for of fi cers of the 
Ex ec'u ti e De part' meat shall be sealed up and trans- 
mitted to the seat of gov'em ment by the re turn'- 
ing of fi cers, direct' edto the Speak'er of the House of 
Re ) r± s Mt' a ti/es, v a > shall o'pen and pub'lish the 
same in the pres'ence of a ma jor'i ty of the men/bers 
of both Hous'es of the Gen'e ral Assem'bly. The 



7 o NOR TH CAROLINA 

|M| M ,|,|,| MM -,|- M ||| -- | | 1 1_. ... i mi"" !■ miiiii i i ■■ nimnTi— 

per' sons hav'ing the high'est num'ber of votes re- 
spective ly shall be dec, a red' du'lye lgct'ed; shut if. 
two or more be e'qual and high'est in votes for the 
same office/then one of them shali be chos'en by 
joint bal'lot of bhth Hous'es of the Gen'er al Assem'- 
bly, Con test'ed e lec'tions shall bd de term'ined by a 
joiut bal'lot of both Hous'es of the Geu'er al Assem'- 
bly, iu snch rrian'ner'as shall be prescribed' by law. 

Skc'tion 4. 

OATH OF OF'fTCE FOR GOV ' ERF OR;. 

The Gov'ern or, be fore' en'ter ing upon' the du-' 
ties of his office, shall, in the pres'ence-of the men/* 
bers of both branch'es of the Gen'er al As sdm'bly, or 
be fore' an'y jus'tice of firm a'tion that he will sup- 
port' the Coii sts tu'tion and law 7 s of Unit'ed States, 
and of the State of North Caroli'na, and that he 
wmII faith- ful ly pre form' the du'ties ap per tain'ing 
to the office of Gov'ern or to whice he has been e lect'- 
ed. 

. .,' ' Sec'tion 5. 

The Gov'erii or shall reside' at the sear of gov'erif- 
ment oi this State, and he shall from' time to time, 
give tlie gen'er al as sem'bly in for ma- tion of the af- 
fairs' of the State, aiid ree'om mend' to tire ir con ski- 
er a' feion such meas'ures as he shall deem ex pe'di ent; 



CONS TITUTIONA L RE A DER 71 



Sec'tion6. 
re prieves', com mu tactions and pardons.' " 

The Gov'ern or shall have pow'er to grant re- 
prieves', com nm tactions ai;d pai'dor.s, after ecu 
vic'tion, for all of fene'es (ex cepf in cashes of fin- 
peach'ment), up on'. .such con di'tious as he nay 
think prop'er, sub'ject to such reg u la'tions az may 
be provid'ed by law rel'a tive to the mau'ner of ap- 
plying for par'dons. He shall bi tn'ni al ly. u 11 - 
mu'ni cate to the Gen'er al As sem'bly each case of 
re prieve' , com nin ta'tion or par 'don grant'ed, stat'- 
ing the name of each con'vict, the crime for which lie 
was con vict'ed, the sen'tence and its date, the date 
of com 11 u ta'tion, pai'don or re prieve', and the rea' 
sons there fore'. 

Sec'tion 7. 
an'nu al re ports from of fi cfrs of ex ec'u tive 

DEPARTMENT AND OF PTJB'LIC IN STI Tu'TlONS 

The of 'fi cers of the Ex ec'u tive De part' ment and of 
the put/lie in sti tu'tious of the State, at least five days 
pre vfousto each reg'u lar ses'sion of the Gen'er al 
As sem'bly sev'er al ly re port' to the Gov'ern or, who 
shall trans mit such re ports, with his message to the 
Gen'er al As sem'bly; and. the Gov'ern or may, at any 
time, re quire' iniorma'tion in writ'lng from the of- 
ficers in the Ex .ec'u tive De part'ment upon' an'y 
sub'ject re lafing to the .du'ties of their respective 



7 J NORTH CAROLINA 

of'fi ces* and shail take care that the laws be faith'- 
ful ly ex e cut'ed. 

Sec'tion 8. 

commander-in-chief. 
The Gov' er nor shall be Commander-in-Chief of the 
mi li'tia of the State, except when they shall be called 
in' to the ser vice of the U nit'ed States. 

Sec'tion 9. 
ex'tra sessions of gen'er ah assembly 
The Gov'er nor shall have pow'er on extraordi- 
nary occa'sions, by and with the advice' of the 
Council of State, to con'vene' the Gen'er al As sem'- 
bly in ex'tra ses'sion by his procla ma'tion stat'ing 
there in' the pur' pose or pur'pos es for which they 
are thus con vened. 

Sec'tion 10. 

of'fi cers whose ap point'ments are not oth'ek. 
wise pro vid'ed for 
The Gov'ern or shall nom'i nate, and by and with 
the ad vise and con sent' of a ma jor'iy of the Sen'a- 
tors e lect', aub ap point' all of'fi cers whose of'fi ces 
are es tab'lished by this Con sti tu'tion, and ap point' 
ment are not oth'er wise pro \id'ed for. 

Sec'tion ii. 

dut'ties of the lieu ten' ant- gov'ern or. 
The Lieu ten'ant-Gov'ern or be Prcs'i dent of the 
Senate, but shall have vote un less' the Sen'ate be 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 7 j 

e'qual ly di vid'ed. He shall, whilst act'ing as Pres'- 
i dent of the Sen'ate, re ceive' for his serv'ic es the 
same pay which shall, tor the same pe'riod, be al- 
lowed' to the Speak'er of the House of Represent' - 
atives; and he shall re ceivef no oth'er compensa- 
tion except* when he is a£ ? t'ing as Gov'ernor. 

VA'CAN CY IN OF* FICE OF ''pp.y/RRjy OR OR LIEU TEN'- 

ant-gov'krnor. 
In case of the im peach'merit o,f the Gov'ernor, his 
fail'ure to qual'i fy, hisab'sence from the State, his 
in a bil'i ty to dis charge' the du'ties of his office, or, 
in case the office of Gov'ern or shall in an'y wise be- 
come' v a' cant, the pow'ers, du'ties and emol'u ments 
of the of fice shall devolve' up on' the Lieu teii'ant, 
Gov' era or uu til the dis a bil'i ties shall cease, or a 
new Gov'ern or shall be e lecf ed and qual'i fied. In 
ev'ery case in which the Lieu ten'aut-Gov'ern or shall 
beuna'ble to preside* o'ver the Sen'ate, the Sena- 
tors shall elect 7 one of their own num'ber Pres'i dent 
of their bod'y; and the pow'ers, du'ties and empl'u- 
ments of the of fice of Gov'ern or shall devolve' np 
on' him when ev'er the Lieu ten'ant-Gov'ern or shall 
for an'y rea'son, he pre vent' ed from discharging 
the du'ties of, such office as a bove' pro vid'ed, and 
he shall con tin'ue as acf ing Gov'ern or un til' thedis- 
abiri ties are re moved', or a new Gov' era or or. Lieu- 
ten' ant Gov'ern or shall be elecfed and qual'i fled- 



/V NORTH CAROLINA 



When ev'ei\ dur'ing the re cess' of thV Qeifef Ml -As-.' 
sem'bly , it shall be come' iiec 7 es'sa ry v for the Pres i- 
de'ht of the Sen'ate to ad min'is ter fee government,: 
the Sec fv ta'ry of State shall convene' the-Sen'ate r 
that the v riiav e lect 7 ' such President. 

Skc'tion 13. 
du'tie^. qf gth'er ex ec'u tive of'fi CERS 
The re speet'me du'ties of the Sec' re ta ry j of State, 
Aud'it or, . TTeas'ur er, Superintendent of Pub'lic 
In stjMc'tion and, At tor'ney-Gen'er al shall be pre- 
'scribed' : l>y; law,,.. It the office of ab'y of said of'fi cers 
shall Jie.ya cated' by death, re sig na'tion or oth'tr 
wise, it shall Lethe du'ty of the Gov'ern or to ap- 
point' an oth'er un til' the dis a bil'i ty be re moved' or 
his snccess'or be elected and qualified. Ev'er y 
siich va'can cv shall be filled by elec'tion at the first 
gen'er al e lec'tioii that oc curs' more than thir'ty da\^s 
after the va'can cv has tak'en place, and the p r'son 
ehos'en shall hold the office for the re main'- 
der of the un expired' term fixed in the first :-see'tioi: 
of this Ar'ti eie. 

. ; Skc'tion 14. 

■ } • : • ;■, ".. coun'cil of state. 
> The Sec're ta ry of State, Auditor, Treas'ur er 
and v Hn pe^intend'ent of Pub'lic In strue'tion shall 
con r -si i. tut e, ex offi f cio, \\\e Coun'cil of State, who 
sh.aH ^d vise' the Gov'ern or in the ex e cu'tion of his 
of' lice, and three of whom shall con'sti tute a quo'rum; 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



/ j 



their advice' and proceedings in this ea pac'i ty 
shall be eirtered in a Jour'nal, to be kept tor this 
pnr'pose ex clu'sive ly, and signed by the metii uti.h 
present, from an'y part of which an'y mem'ber may 
en'ter his dis sent'; and such Jour'nal shall be' placed 
be fore' the Geu'er al As sem'bly : when called for by 
ei'ther Hcuse. The At tor'ney-Gen'er abshall be, 
exoffi'cio, the le'gal ad vis'er of the Ex ec' u tiye De 
part' men! . 

Section 15. - : ^ x f- 

COM PEN SA'TION OF EX fic'b TlVE OF^FI CERS- 
The of'fi cers men'tioned in this ar'ti cle shall, at 
stat'ed pe'riod^, re ceive for their serv'ic es a com. 
pen sa'tion to be established by ;kw, which shall 
nei'ther be in creased' or 4i min'ished dur'ing the 
time for which they have been e lect'ed, and the said 
of'fi cers shall re ceive' no.oth'er e mol'u ment or al- 
low' ance wdiatev'er. 

< , Sec'tion 16. 

' seal of state. ; 

, There shall be a seal of the State, whichJ: :sfia41 be 
kept by the Gov'ern or, and used by him, as 6c ca y sibn 
may re quire', and shall' be called ' 'the "Great Seal of 
the State of North Car li na.:' ? All grants and com- 
mis'sions shall be is' sued in the name and by the -au- 
thor'ity of the State of North :Car oli-na, ^^ : al#d 
with "the Great Seal of the State '-signed bv- the 



7 6 NORTH CAROLINA 



Gov'em ox* and coun'ter signed by the Sec' re ta ry of 
State. 

Sec'tion 17. 
department of agkicul'ture, immigration 
and statistics. 
Tiie Geu'er al As sem'bly shall es tab'lish a De part'- 
ment of Ag ri cui'ture, Im mi gra'tion and Sta tist'ics, 
un'der such reg u la' t ions as may best pro mote' the 
agricul'trual in'ter ests of the State, and shall en- 
act'laws for the ad'e quate pro tec'tion and en court- 
age ment oi sHeep'hus'band ry. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Judi'cial Department, 

Sec'tion 1. 

aboi/ish es dis tinc'tion be tween* ac/tions at 

LAW AND SUrTS IN EQUITY, a'nD FEIGNED IS SUES. 

The distinctions between' ac'tiOns at law and 
suits in eq'ui ty, and the forms of all such ac'tions 
and suits, shall be abol'ished; and there shall be in 
this State but one form of ac'tion, for the en force' 
ment or pro tec' tion ::f pri'vate rights or the redress 
of pri'vate wrongs, which shall be be nom'i nat' ed * a 
civ'il ac'tion; and ev'er y ac'tion pros'e cut ed by the 
peo' pie of the State as a par'ty, a gainst' a per' son 
charged with a pub' lie offence, for the pun'ish ment 
of the same, shall be termed a crim'i nal ac'tion. 
Feigned is' sues shall al'so be abolished, and the 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 77 

<— i — I— I— ^— — — —^— — — — ■ Ml—— M il ■ I— a— — ■ B^— i M> 

fact at is'sue tried by order of Court be fore' a ju'ry. 

Sec'tion 2. 

DI Vl'SION OF JU Dl'ciAE POW'ERS. 

The judicial povv'er of the State shall hz vest'ed 
in a Cjurt for the tri'al of Impeach'ments, a Su- 
preme' Court, Superior Courts, Courts of Jus'tices 
of the Pe ice, and such oth'er Courts In fe'ri or to the 
Su preme' Court as may be established by law. 

Sec'tion 3. 
tri'al court of impeagh'mekt. 
The court for tri'al of Irn peach' merit's shall be 
the Sen'ate. A ma jor'i ty of the mcm'bers shall be 
necessary to a quo'rum, and the judgement shall 
not ex tend' be jond' re mov'al from, and dis qual i £L 
ca'tion to hold office in this State; but the par'ty 
shall be li'a ble to indict'ment and pun'ish ment ac- 
cording to law. 

Sec'tion 4. 

IM PEACH' MENT 

The Holism of Represent'a tives sole'ly shall have 
the pow'er of im peach'ing. No per' son shall be 
con vict'ed with out' the con cur'rence of two-thirds' 
of the Sen'a tors pres'ent. When the Gov'ern or is 
im peached' the Chiet Jus'tice shall pre side'. 

Sec'tion 5. 

trea'son against' the state. 
Trea' son a gainst' the State shall consist' on'ly 



7 8 ■ NORTH CAROLINA 



f"7- fa iW"'* iS^^-a' '■ 



in lev'y ing war against' it, or ad her'ing to its en'e- 
mies, giv'ing them aid and com' fort. JNo per' son 
shall be con vict'ed of trea'sou un less' on the test'i- 
mo u y of two wit' nes ses to the same o'vert act, or on 
con fes'sion in o'pen court. No con vic'tion of trea'- 
sou or at tain'der shafl work cor rup'tion of blood or 
for'feit ure. 

Sec'tion 6. 
supreme' court jus' tic es. 
The Su preme' Court shall con sist' of a Chief jus'- 
tice and two As so'ciate Jus'ti ces. 

Sec'tion 7. 

terms of the su preme' court 
The terms sf the Supreme' Court shall be held in 
the City of Ral'eigh, as now, un til' other wise' pro- 
vid'ed by the Gen'er al As sem'bly. 

Sec'tion 8. 
ju ris dic'tion of su preme' court. 
The Su preme' Court shall have ju ris dic'tion to re 
view', upon' ap peal', an'y deci'sion of the courts be- 
low', up3ii' an'y mat'ter of law or leg'al in'ference. 
And the ju ris dic'tion of said court o'ver "is' sues of 
fact" and "ques'tions of fact" shall be the same ex'- 
er cised by it be fore' the adop'tion of the con sti tu'- 
tio.i of one th ni'saad eight huu'dred and six'ty-eight, 
and t le court shall have the pow'er to is'sue an'y re- 
me'di al writs uec'es sa ry to give it a gen'er al su. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 79 



per vis'ion and con trol' o'ver the pro ceecl'ings of the 
in fe'ri or courts. 

Sec'tion 9. 

CEAIM3 against' the state. 
The 3a preme' Court shall have o rig'i nal juris* 
dic'tio 1 to heir claims a gainst' the State, but its de- 
cis ious shall be mere'ly rec 0111 mend'a to ry; no 
process in the nat'ure of execu'tion shall is' sue 
there on'; they shall be re port'ed to the next ses'sion 
of the Geii'eral As sem'bly for its ac'tion. 

Sec'tion 10. 

ju di'cial dis'tricts for su pe'ri or courts. 
The State shall bedi vid'ed in to nine ju di'c'ial dis- 
tricts, for each of which a judge shall be chos'en; 
and there shall be held a Su pe'ri or Court in each 
Coun ty at least twice in each year, to con tin'ue for 
such time in each cbun'ty as niay be pre scribed' by 
aw. But the Geii'eral As sem'bly may re cluce' or 
in crease' the nuin'ber of districts. 

Sec'tion ii. 

REs'l DKNC ES OF JUDGES, RO TA'TlON IN JU Dl'dAE 

dis'tricts, spe'cial TERMS. 

Ev'ery Judge of the Su pe'ri or Crurt shall re side 
in the dis'trict for which he is e lect'ed. The Jitdg'es 
shall pre side' in the CourtsoF the different dis'tricts 
sue cers'iv:e ly, bit no .Jitlafe shall hold the Courts in 
the same dis'tricts of'i en er than once in four years, 



So NORTH CAROLINA 

but in case of the pro tract'ed ill'ness of the Judge 
as signed' to pre sid^'in an'y dis trice, or of an'y oth'- 
er u 1 a void' a ble ac'ci dent to him, by re a' son of 
which he shall be tin a' ble to pre side', the Gov'ern or 
may require' an'y Judge to hold one or more speci- 
fied terms iu said dis'trict ill lieu of the Judge as sign- 
ed' to hold the Courts of the said dis'trict. 

Sec'tion 12. 
ju ris dic'tion of courts in fe'ri or tosu preme' 

COURTS. 

The Giu'er al As sem'biy shall have no pow'er to 
de prive' the Ju di'cial De part' ment of an'y pow'er 
or ju ris dic'tion watch right fm'ly per tains' to it as 
a co or'di uate de part' mint of the gw'ern ment; but 
the Gii'er al As sem'bly shall al lot' and dis tn'oute 
that por'tion of this pow'er and ju ris diction, which 
does a 3 1 p^r tain' to the Su prene' Court, among' 
the oth'er Courts pre scribed' in this Con sti tu'tion 
or which may be es tab'lished by law, in such man'ner 
as it may deem best; pro vide' al so a prop'er system 
of ap peals'; and reg'u late by law when nee'es sar}- 
the meth'ods of pro ceed'ing in the ex'er cise of their 
pow'ers, of all the courts be low' the Supreme' Court, 
so far as the same may be done with out' con flict 
with oth'er pro vis'ions of this con sti tu'tion. 

Sec'tion 13. 

IN CASE OF WAIV'ER OF TRl'AL BY JU'rY. 

Iuall is'sues of fact, joined in an'y Court, the par'- 



CONSIlXtf-TlONAL READER Si 

ties may waive the right to have the same' determ- 
ined by aju'ry; hi which ease the finding ot the 
Judge upon' t e facts shall hWethe force and el feet' 
of a ver'dict by a ju'ry. 

Sec' t i on 14. 

spe'ciai* courts in cities. 

The Gen'er al As sem' bly shall, provide' for the 

establishment of Spe'cial Courts, iir J the tri'al of 

misaenlean'ors, in eit'ies &1M towns, 'where the 

same may be nee'es sa ry. 

Sec'Tioi* 15. 
Clerk of the sub^me.' court. 

The Gierkof the Supreme- Court shall be appoiut'ed 
by the Court, and shall hold his*of'fice for eight years. 

^Ec'tiOn 16. 
* EI,EC'TIONOF>S^£E'rI OR : COURT, CL;ERK. 

A Clerk of the Stipe 7 ri or Court for each conn' ty 
shall ^be" elect' ed'by^ the- qiia'l f i:fiedvot'ers there of, 
at thetime and in the man' ner pre scribed' by law for 
the elee'tion of mem'bers of the Gen' era) Assein'bly. 

#« Sifet^iofr 17. 

TE&M GE Of'EicE. 
Clerks of the Sii pe'ri or Courts shall hold their of - 
fi ces for four years. 

Sec- ^10^ 18. 

— ^FEES, sXl/^RIES-AlNDE MO^U MENTS 

The Gen'er al As-sem'bly shall prescribe' and reg f 



NORTH CAROLINA 



\i late the fees,, sal'a ries ahd e mol'u ments of all of- 
fi cers pro yid'ed for in this ar'ti cle; but the sal'a fii.es 
o»f the Judg'es snail not be di min'ished dur'ing their 
con tin' u ance in office. ' « : 

Sec'tiSn 19. 

WHAT UWS ARE r AND SHAIX BE EN FORCED 

The laws, of North Car o li'na, not re pug'nant to 
this Cau sti tu'tion, or the Con sti tuition and laws 
of the U nit'ed States,, shall be in force urt til' law- 
ful ly al'tered. • '*' 

Sec'.tio^ 20; 

DIS PO Si' OF ACTIONS AT LAW AND SUITS IN Eq'ui TV 

pknd'ing when this -c'iijj; sti ttI'tion shaw, go in- 
to ef FiCT'^ &C. 

Ac'tions at law, and suit's in eq'ui ty, pend'ing 
when this Con sti tu'tion shall go in'tb effect, shall 
be trans ferr'ed to the Court -hav'ihg ju ris dic'tion 
there of, with prej'u dice by rea'son of the change; 
a:id all such ac'tions and suits com nienced' be fore',, 
and pend'ing at the a dap'tion by the Geu'er ai As- 
sem'bly of the rules of prac'tice* and pro ced'ure here- 
in' pro vid'ed for, shall be heard and de term'ined ac- 
cording jto^he prac'tice ; pow in use, uu. less' .pth'err 
wise pro vid'ed for by said rules. 

Sec'tion 2I„ : 

E" LKCT'TION, TERMS OF OF-FICE, &C: , OF -Jus'TIC E$ 
OF THE SU PREME', AND JUDG'ES OF THE SU PE'rI OR 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER . 83 

Tin —— — MB— W— B11 — ■■! I ■■! I ■ I II m\ Bill ■■■■■■■ ——«———— l—»^— 

; - . . COURTS, - . -• . .: 

- The Jus'tic es of the Supreme' Court shall be e- 
lect'ed by the qual'i fled ovters of the. State, as is pro- 
vid'ed fo.r the e lec'tion of mem'bersof :the Gen'er al 
Assem'bly. They shall hold their offices for eight 
years. The Judg'es of the.Su pe' rior Courts, elect- 
ed at the first, e lec'tion, un'der this a mend'ment, shall 
be e lect'ed in like mati'iier as is. prq vid'ed. for Jus'- 
tices of the Su preme' Court t and shall hold their of 7 - 
fi ces for eight years. The Gender al As sem'bly may 
from time to tinie> pro vide' b}^ law that the Judg'es 
of the Su pe'ri or Courts, ehos'en at Succeed 7 ing e- 
lee' t ions, in'stead^qf be'inge lee 7 ted by the vomers of 
the wholeState, as is here in. 7 pro vid'ed for, shall he 
<e lect'ed by the yot'ers of their re spee'tive .districts. 
., { Sec'tion 2.2. i : . .; = ■ ■■*, 

TRANSACTION OF BTJS'l NESS IN' THE" SUPE'RI : OR 
|>* -:■ :.:\ £* -. ,/.':,. COURTS. * 

The Su pe 7 rior Courts shall be, at all times, o'pen 
for the transaction of all bus r i ness within' their ju- 
risdiction, ex cept' the:trj';al of is' sues of fact re- 
iv^quirliug av^u'ry,.. . , ~ :: ... ; ,. uv •-..-.. 

twdz ■::.•:■: ".."..;.:• • 'SECTION 23, "' ..':.: 

• SO tlc'lTORS ioR-EACH jtr Bl'ciAL XHS'tRICT. 

A So ikfitbr shall* 6e e iect f ed for each Ju di'cial 
Dis'trict b y -the qnal'f fled voters thereof; as is'' pre- 
scribed' f^rfnerfi'bers or the Gen'eral As^eni'blv, 



%4 NORTHf CAROLINA ■ y| 



who shall hold office for the term of four years, and 
pros'ecate on, be half of the State, in all crim'inal 
a /tip-is ia tim Su pe'ri or Gourt^v and advise' ^the of- 
fi cers of jus'ticein hisdis'tticjU ; * 

Section 24.1 

SHERIFFS AND COfc'o NERS; -. 

In ieach county a Sher'iff and Cor'oner shall be 
e lect'ed by the qualified vot'ers there of, as -is pre- 
scribed' for mem' bets of the Gen'eral Assem'biy, 
and shall hold their offices for two years. In each 
town ship there shall.be a Coil' stable e lect'ed in 
like uian'ner by -the vot'efs thereof, who shall hold 
his office for two years. When there is no Cor'o- 
er in the conn! ty, theClerk of the Superior Court 
o* threouri'ty miy appoint' one for spe'cial cas'es. 
a caseof a vacancy* ex ist'i ng for an'y cause, in 
an' v of the of fic.es ere at'ed by this sec'tion, the Com- 
mission ers for the coun' ; ty tnay appoint' to such 
office for the un ex pired' term, 

Sec'tion, 25, 
vacancies. 
All va'can cies occur' ring in the offices pro vid'ed 
for by this Ar'ti cle of the Con sti tn'tion shall be 
filled by the appoinf ments of the Goy'ern or, un less' 
oth'erwise pro vid'ed for, and the appoint ees' shall 
hold their plac'es until' the next reg'u lar elec'tion 
for members of the Geh'er al As sem'bly , when e lee'- 
tioii ^hall be held to fill such offices. 



<?i CONSTITUTIONAL READER 

If an'y per' son, elect'ed or appointed to an'y of 

said offices, shall neg lecf aad fail to qual'i fy, such 

office shall be appoint' ed to, held and filled as pio- 

vid'ed in case of va'can cies occur ring there in', All 

in cum'bents of said of fie es shall hold until' their 

sue cess'ors are qual'i fied. 

sec'tion 26. 
terms of office of first officers 
The officers elect'ed at the first elec'tion held un'- 
. der this Con sti tu'tion shall hold their of fie es for the 
terms pre scribed' for them re specf ive ly, next en- 
u'ing after the next reg'u lar e lec'tion for mem'bers 
\ the Gen'er al Assem'bly. But their terms shall 
be gin' up'on the ap prov'al of this Con sti tu'tion by 
the Cou'gress of the Unit'ed States, 

SECTION 27. 
]V RIS DIC'TION OF JUs'TIC ES OF THE EEACE. . 

The sev'er al Jus'tiees of the Peace shall have ju- 
ris die' tiou. un'der such reg u la'tions as tue Gen'er a! 
Assem'bly shall prescribe'^ of civ'il. ac'tions found' ed 
on con' tract wherein' the sum demand'ed shall not 
ex ceed two hun'dred dol'lars and where in' the ti'tle 
to real estate' shall not be in, con trover'sy: and of 
ailcrim'i nal mat ters aris'ing with in' their conn'ties 
where the pun'ish ment can'not ex ceed a fine of fifty 
dol'lars, or im pris'oument for thir'ty day^. And the 
Gen'er al As sem'biy may give to Jus'ti ces of the 
Peace jurisdiction oi oth'er civ'il ac'tions, where in' 



86_ NORTH CAROLINA 

the yai'ae of theprop'er ty in cja'tro ver sy does not 

ex ceed r fifty dol'lars. When an is' sue of fact shall 

be joined be fore' a Jus'tice, on demand' of ei'thcr 

par'ty there to', he shall cause a ju'ry of. six men to 

be sum'moned, who,, snail try tbe same. The. par'ty 

against' whom judg'ment shall be reu'deied in an') 

civ'il ac'tion, may appeal' to the Su pe'rior Court 

from the same. In all eas'es of a crim'i nal nat'ure, 

the parity a' gainst' wliom'iudg' ment is giv'en may 

dp peal'" to the Su pe'ri or ! CourT where' the mat'ter 

s Ilk 1 1 be heard anew'. I n d\ 1 cas' e s b ro ii gh t be fore' a 

Jus'tice, lie shall make a rec'ord of the prdceed'ings, 

and' fi'le : the same with the cler^'of the Supe'ri or 

Court for his' coun'ty . 

•'-••' '** ; Sec^on 28. ' ;, °' ::; f , v -^ 

va'can ciks in of' kick of "jxfsbic His"" 
When the office of Jus'tice of the Peace shall be- 
come' va'can toth^er-wise* than by expi ra'tion of the 
term, and inrcase of a .fai.l'.ure by;;the voters --of sm'y 
JUis'trict to : e lect' , ; the Clerk pi the -Su pe'ri or, Court 
fpr the, ; Coun f ty shall ap point' to fill.the. va'can cy for 
tlbejuu' expired' term. ;-.•;•;■ •«■-..• ! .:. 

: >KH ': \ v: >' : '- :■ * V.SEC^Eipj^SQ.- ij , ,; .;.. ■ .- 
■fc VA'CAN GIBS IN OF'fICE QF $U PbIrI OR COTJRT 
t \ v , :. v CI^ERK. 

Iii case, the office of : , Clerk of a Su pe'ri or Court 
for a Coun'ty, shall become' va'cant oth'erwise than 
by the ex pi ra'tion of the term, and in case of a fail'* 
ure by the peo'ple to e lect', the Judge.^ of the Su pe'~ 



CONSTimtlONAL REApgR Jf' 

ri or Court for the Coun'ty shall appoint' to fill the 
va'can cy un tii'. an elec'tion can be reg'u lar ly lieidV^ 

Sec'tion30. 

OFFICERS OF ClR-iR COURTS IKTe'h CR TO £TJ. 
: = : 'K PRi^ME 7 COURT. ' ' 

In casetheGen'er af As" sem'bly shall es tab'li&h cth'- 
er Courts in iVricf to the Supreme' Court, the {re- 
siding of fi cers and clerks ther of shall be e kef td 
in suoh mair'iier as the Gen'er al As sem'bly may from 
time to time pre scribe', and they shall hold their of - 
fi ces for aterrn not exceed'ing eight years. 

Sec'tion 31, ( 
re mov'al of judg'es of t;he. va'ri otjs courts for 

■ :: . I^Sj.A BIX'ITY. VV:. '::"■ 

An'y Judge of the Su preme' C6urt, or of the Su^ 
pe'ri or Courts,- and the pre Md'irvg officers of such 
Courts in fe'ri or to the Su prenie' Court as may be 
es tab'dished by law may be re moved' frcm "office for 
men'tal or phys'ic al in ability, upon' a con cur'rent 
resolu'tion of two' -thirds.; of, both hous'es of the 
Gen'er al As sem'bly. The Judge or pre sid'ing offi- 
cer, against* whom the Gen'er al Assem'Lly may be 
about' to : pro ceed', shall re ceive' no'tiee the re of , 
ac com pa nied^by a cop'y of the caus'es alleged' for 
his re mov'al, at least twen'ty da} : s be fort' the day 
on which ei'ther House of the Gen'er al As sem'bly 
shall act there onV 



cW NORTH LAROLINA 

Sec'tion 32. 

RE MOV'AL OF CI^ERKS OF THE Va'rI OUS COURTS FOR 

IN A BIl/iTY. 

Any Clerk of the Su preme' Court, or of the Su pe'- 
ri or Courts or of such Courts in fe'ri or to the Su preme' 
Court as may be es tab'lished by law may be re moved' 
fromjof fice for men'tal or phys'ic al in a bil'i ty; the 
Clerk of the Su preme' Court by the Judg'es of said 
Courts, the Clerks of the Su pe' ri or Courts by the 
Judge rid'ingthe Dis'trict, and the Clerks of such 
Courts in fe'ri or to the Supreme' Court as may be 
es tab'lished by law, by the pre sid'ing off! cers of 
said Courts. The Clerk a gainst' whom pro ceed'ings 
are in sti tut'eH, shall re ceive' tio'tide ' there of,* ac- 
com'pa nied by a cop'y of the caus'es al leged' for his 
re mov'ai, at least ten days be fore' the day ap- 
pointed' to act there oft', and the Clerk shall be en- 
titled to an ap peal' to the next term of the Sti pe'^ 
rior Court' and thence to the Su preme' Court; as 
pro vid'ed in oth'er cas'es of appeals'. 

Section 33. 

a mend' ments not to va'cate ex ist'ing of'fi ces. 
The amend' ment made to the Con sti tu'tion of 
North Caroli'na by this Con ven'tion shall not have 
the ef feet' to va'cate an' y office or tertii of office 
now ex ist'ing un'der the Con sti tu'tion of the State, 
and filled, or held, by vir'tue of an'y -e !fc£'tioh or 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 8 9 



ap point'ment un'der the said Con sti tuition and the 
laws of the State made in pur su'ance thereof. 

AR'TICLE V. h 

Rev'enue and Tax a'tiojsv 

Sec'tion i. 

capita'tion tax; exemptions. 

The Geu'er al As s:*m'bly shall, lev'y a capi ta'tion 

Tax on ev'ery male inhabitant of the State o'ver 

twen'ty-one and un'der fifty years of age, which 

shall be e'qual on each to the tax en prop'er ty val'- 

ued at three hun'dred dol'lars in cash. 1 he Ccn - 

niis'slon ers of the sev'ef alcoun'ties may tx empf 

from capi ta'tion tax in spe'eial cas'es, on account' 

of poverty and in firrrfity,' and the State and coun'- 

ty cap i ra'tion tax com"biried r shall ney f er exceed* 

twe dollars on the head. 

Sec'tion 2. 

APPLI CAPTION OF PRO CEEDS' OF STATE AND COUN- 
TY CAP I TACTION TLX. 

The pro ceeds' of the State and coun' ty cap i ta'~ 
tion tax shall be ap plied' to the pur' poses of educa'- 
tion and the sup port' of the pore, but in no one 
year shall more than twen'ty-five percent, thereof 
be appro' pri at ed to the lat'ter pur'pose. 

Sec'tion 3. 
tax a'tion shall be by uniform rule advalo'- 



go NORTH CAROLINA 

REM. 

Laws shall be passed tax'ing, by u ni form' rule/ 
all mon'eys, cred'its, in vest'ments in bonds, stocks, 
joint'-stock com'panies or oth'er wise; and, al'so, all 
real and per' son al prop'erty, according to its true 
val'ue in mon'ey. The Gen'er al As sem'bly may 
al'so tax trades, pro fes'sions, franchises, and in' 
comes, pro vid'ed that no in'come shall be taxed when 
the prop'er ty from which the in'come is derived' 
is taxed. 

Sec'tion 4. 

KK STRIC'TIONS UP On' THE IN CREASE' OF THE PUB'- 
LIC DEBT IN CER'TAIN CON TIN'GEN CIES 

Un til the bonds of the State shall be at par, the 
Gen'er al As sem'bly shall have no pow'er tocou'tiact 
an'y new debt or pe cun'i ary ob li ga'tion in be half of 
the State, ex cept' to supply' a cas'u al deficit, 
or for sup prees'ing in va'sion or in sur rec' tion, un 
less' it shall in the same bill lev'y a spe'cial tax to 
pay the iii'U-r est an'nu al ly. 

And the Gen'er al As sem'bly shall have no pow'er 
to give or lend the cred'it of the State in aid of an'y 
per' son, as so ci a' tion, or cor po ra'tion, ex cept' to 
aid in the com pie' tion of such rail' roads as may be 
un fin'ished at the time of the a dop'tion of tnis Con- 
sti tu'tion, or in which the State has a di rect' pe cun' 
i a ry in'ter est, un less' thesub'ject be sab mit'ted 
to a di rect' vote of the peo'ple of the State, and be 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 9 i 

ap proved' by a ma jor'i ty of those who shall vote 
there on'. 

Section 5. 
prop'er ty ex bmpt' rkom tax a'tion. 

Prop'er ty be long'ing to the State or to mu ni cip'ai 

or po ra'tions shall be ex empt' from tax a'tion The 

>en r er al As sem'bly may ex ernpt' cem e ter ies, and 

rop'er ty held for educa'tion al, sci en tific, lit er- 

ry, char'i ta ble or, re lig'ious pur'pos es; al'so, 

earning ap par r el> arms for tuus' ter, household and 

itch'en fnr'ni ture, the me chan'ic al aid ag ri cul'- 

ir al im'ple ments of me chan ics and farm'ers; li'- 

a riesand scien tif'ic in'stru ments, or an'y oth'er 

r' son al propter ty, to the val'ue not <x ceed'iig 

ee hun'dred dol lars. 

Sec'tion6. 

tax'es levied by coun'ty com mission ers. 

he taxes levied by the Com mission ers of the 

er al coun'ties for coun'ty pur T pos es, shall be lev'- 

in like man'ner with the State tax'es, and shall 

B'er ex cecd' the doub'le of the State tax, ex cept f 

la spe'cial pur'pose, and with the spe'cial ap prov'al 

l0 Bhe Gen T er al As sem'bly. 

t* ■ o y 

Sec t i on 7> 

1 

LEV Y ING TAXES, SHALL STATE OB JECT, ETC, 

te( }Hv'er y act of the Gen'er al As sem'bly lev'y ing a 
he I shall state the spe'cial ob'ject to which it is to be 



c/2 NORTH CAROLINA 



ap plied', and it shall be applied' to no oth'er pur' pose* 

AR'TI CLE VI. ' 
Suf'fkage and Eli girii/fty To Of'fice. 
Sec'tion i. . , 

QVAl, 1 FI CA'tiONS OF EXEC'TOR. 

Ev'ery mile per' sou born in- the U nit'ed States, 
and ev'ery male per' son » who ha^ -been naf u ral ized r 
twen'ty-one years of age, and pos sess'ing the qual u 
fi ca'tions set out in this Ar'ti cle, shall be en ti'tled to 
vote at an'y e lee'tion by the peo'ple in the State, e&- 
capf a> here in' oth'er wise pro vid'ed. 

Section 2. 

OtAL I FI CA'TIONS OF E LEC'tOK. 

He shall have re sid'efi in the Stite of North Car- 
oli'na for two years, in the coun'ty six months, and 
in the pre'cinct, ward or oth'er e lee'tion dis'triet, in 
which he offers to vote, four months next preceding 
the e lee'tion. Pro vid'ed, that re mov'al from one 
pre'cinct, ward or oth'er e lee'tion dis'triet, to anoth'- 
er in the same Coun'ty, shall not op'er ate tode prive 
an'y per'sou of the right to vote in the pre'cinct, 
ward or oth'er e lee'tion dis'triet, from which he has 
re mov'ed 1111 til four months after such re mov'al. 
No person who has been con vict'ed or who has con- 
fessed/his guilt in o'pen Court upon' in diet' men t. f 
of an'y crime, the pun'ish ment of which now is, or 
may hereafter be, im pris'on ment in the State's- 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER yj 



} ris'on, shall be permit' ted to vote tin less' the said 
per' son shall be first re stor'e<i to cit'i zenship in the 
man'ner prescribed' by law. 

Sec'tion 3. 

QUAL I FI CA'TIONS OF K EEC'TOR. GKN'ER AE AS. 
SEM'BEY TO PROVIDE' REG IS TRA'TION LAWS. 

Ev'ery per' son offering to vote shall be at the 
time a le'gally registered vot'er as herein' pre- 
scribed', and in the man'ner hereafter provid'ed 
by law and the Gen'er al Assem'bly of North Car* 
oh'na shall enact' gen'er al registration laws to 
cai'rv in' to ef feet' the pro vis'ions of this Ar'ti'cie, 

Sec'tion 4. 

qualifications of e eec'tor to reg'ls tek 
and vote, &c 

Ev'er y per'son pre sent'ing him self for reg is tra'~ 
tijn shall be a ble to read and write an'y sec'tion of 
the Con sti tu'tion in the Eng'lish lan'guage; and 
be fore' he shall be en ti'tled to vote, shall have paid 
on or be fore' the first day cf May of the year in 
which he propos'es to vote, his poll tax for the pre'- 
vi ous year as pre scribed' by Ai'ti cle 5, 3tc tion 1, 
of the Con sti tu'tion. 

But no male per' son, w T ho was, on Jan'u a ry first, 
eighfeen hun'dred and six'ty sev'en or at an'y time 
pri'or there to', en ti'tled' to vote uu'der the laws of 
an'y State in the U nit'ed States wherein' he then 
resided', and no lin'eal de scend'ent of an'v such 



P4 NORTH CAROLINA 

per' son shall be denied' the right to register and 
vote at an'y e lec'tion in this State by rea'son of his 
fail'ure to possess' the ed u ca'tional qual i fica'tions 
herein pre scribed': pro vid'ed, he shall have regis- 
tered in accord'ance with the terms of this sec'tion 
pri'or to Decem'ber first, uine'teen hui/drtd and 
eight, 

The Gen'eral Assem'bly shall provide' for th^ 
registration of all per'sons en ti'tled to vote with- 
out' the ed a ca'tion al qual i fi ca'tions herein pre- 
scribed', and shall, on or before' Novem'ber first, 
nineteen hun'dren and eight' provide' for the mak'- 
ing of a per'ma nent rec'ord of such reg is tra'tion, 
and all per'sons so reg'is tored shall forev'er there- 
after have the right to vote in all elec'tions by the 
peo'ple in this State, unless' disqualified un'der 
Sec'tion 2, of this Ar'ti cle: Pro vid'ed, such per'son 
shall have paid his poll tax as a bove' re quired'. 

Sec'tion 5. 
a mend'mknt in di vis'i bee. 
That this Amend'ment to the Con sti tu'tion is pre- 
sent'ed and adopt' ed as one in di vis'i ble plan fcr the 
regulation of the Suffrage, with the in tent' and 
pur' pose to so connect' the different parts, and to 
make them so de pend'ent upon' each oth'er, that 
the whole shall stand or fall to geth'er. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 95 

Sec'tion 6. 

elec'tions by peo'ple and gex'krai, assem'bly. 

All e lec'tions by the peo'ple shall be ty,tal'lot, ar.d 
all e lec'tions by the Gen'eral Assem'bly shall be 
Vi'va Vo' ce. 

Sec'tion 7. 

OATH OF OF'fICE. 

Ev'ery vot'er in North Caro li'na, ex cept' as in this 
ar'ti cle dis qual'i fied, shall be eli'gi ble to office, but 
be fore en'ter ing upon' the du'ties of the office, he 
shall take and subscribe' the fol'low ing oath: 

"I, , do solemn- 
ly swear (or affirm') that I will support' ai:d main- 
tain' the Censti tu'tion and laws of the Unit'ed 
States, and the Con sti tu'tion and laws of North Car- 
o li'na, not in consistent there with', and that I will 
faith' ful ly discharge' the du'ties of my office as 

, so help me God. 

Sec'tion 8. 
disqualification for of'fice. 

The fol'low ing class'es of per'sons shall be dis- 
qual i fied for of fice: First, all per'sons who shall de- 
ny' the be'ing of Al might'y God. Sec'ond, all per'- 
sons who shall have been con vict'ed, or con fessed' 
their guilt on in dict'ment pend'ing, and wheth'er 
sen'tenced or not, or un'der judg'ment suspend'ed, 
of an'y trea'son or fel'o ny, or of an'y oth'er crime, 



p6 NORTH CAROLINA 



for which the pun'ish ment may be im pris'on ment 

in the Pea i ten tiary, since becom'ing cit'i zens of 

the Unit' ed States, or of corruption or mal prac'- 

tice in office; un less'such per'son shall i.e restored' 

to the rights of cit'i zen ship in a man'ner prescribed' 

by law. 

Sec'tion 9. 

WHEN A MEMd'jVIENT TO TAKE EF FECT'. 

That this a mend' ment to the Con sti tu'tion shall go 
in' to ef feet' on the first day of Ju ly', 1902, if a ma- 
jor' 1 ty of votes cast at the next gen'eral e lec'tion 
shall be cast in fa'vor of this suffrage a mend'ment. 

AR'TICLE VII. 
Mu nic'i pal Cor po ra'tions. 
Sec'tion i. 
coun'ty of'fi cers. 
In each coun'ty there shall be e lect'ed bi en'ni al \% 
by the qual'i fied vot'ers there of, as pro vid'ed for 
the e lec'tion of mem'bers of the Gen'eral Assem'bly 
the fol low'ing of'fi cers: a Treas'ur er, Reg'is ter of 
Deeds, Sur vey'or and five Com mis'sion ers. 

Sec'tion 2. 

du'ty of coun'ty commis'sicn ers. 

It shall be the du'ty of the Com mis'sion ers toex'- 

er cise a gen'er al su per vi'sion and con trol' of the 

pen'al and char'i ta ble in sti tu'tion, schools, roads, 

bridg'es, lev'ing of tax'es and fi nane'es of the coun'ty 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 



97 



as may be pre scribed' bylaw. The Reg' is ter of 
Deeds shall be, exoffi'cio, Clerk of the Board of Com- 
ams'sion ers. 

Sec'tion 3, 

coun'ties to be divid'ed in'to districts 
It shall be the du'ty of the com mis'sion ers first e 
tect'ed in each coun't}^ to di vide the same in'to con- 
venient districts, to determine the boun'da ries and 
prescribe' the name of the said dis'tricts, and to re- 
port' the same to the Gen'er al As sem'bly be fore' the 
first day of Jan'u ary, 1869. 

Sec'tion 4. 

SAID DIS'TRICTS SHALL HAVE COR'po RATE POw'ERS 
AS TO WN T SHIPS. 

Up on' the ap prov'alof the reports' provid'ed for 
in the fore go'ing sec'tion, by the Gen'er al As :em'- 
bly, the said districts shall have cor'por ate pow'ers 
iiec'essary pur' poses of lo'cal gov'ern ment, and 
shall be known as town'ships. 

Sec'tion 5. 
ofVicers of town'ships. 

In each town'ship there shall be bi en'ni al ly e lect'- 
ed by the qual'ified vot'ers there of, a Clerk and two 
Jus'ti ces of the Peace, who shall con'sti tute a Board 
of Trus'tees, and shall, un'der the su per vi'sionof 
ti»e coun'ty com mis'sion ers, have con trol' of the tax 7 - 
es and fi nanc'es, roads and bridges of the town'ships. 



g8 NORTH CAROLINA 

as may be pre scribed' by law. The Gen'er al As- 
sem'bly may pro vide' for the e lec'tion of a larg'er 
mun'berof the Jus' tic es of the Peace in cifies and 
towns, and in those town'ships in which cil/ies and 
towns are sit'uated, In ev'ery town' ship there 
shall al'so be bi en'ni al ly e lect ed a School Com- 
mit' tee, consisting of three per'sons, whose du'ty 
shall be prescribed' by law. 

Sec'tion6. 

TRUS TEES' SHAU AS SESS PROP'ER TY. 

The town'ship Board of Trus'tees shall as sess' the 
tax' a bis prop'er ty of their town'ships and make re- 
turn' to the Coun'ty Com mis'sion ers for revis'ion, 
as may be pre scribed' by law. The Clerk shall be, 
exofficio, Treas'ur er of the town'ship. 

Sec'tion 7. 
no debt or loan ex cept' by a ma jor'l ty of vot'- 

ERS- 

No coun'ty, cit'y, town, or oth'er mu nic'i pal cor- 
pora'tion shall coi/tiact an'y debt, pledge its faith, 
or loan its cred'its, nor shall an'y tax be lev'ied, or 
col lected' by an'y officers of the same, ex cept for 
the nec'es sa ry ex pens'es there of, un less by a vote 
of the ma jor'i ty of the qual'i fied vot ers there in'. 

Sec'tion 8. 

DRAw'lNG OF MON'EY. 

No mon'ey shall be drawn from an'y coun'ty or 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER t& 

town' ship treas'ur y ex cepf by au thor'i ty of li.w . 

Sec'tion 9. 

tax'es to be ad va ix>* rem. 
All tax'es levied by an'y coun'ty, cit'y, town, or 
town'ship, shall be u'ni form andadva /o'rem, up on ' 
all prop'er ty in the same, ex cepf prop'er ty ex emp- 
ted by this Con sti tu'tibn. 

Sec'tion 10-. 

WHKN OF'fi CERS ENT'ER ON DTj'ty. 

The coun'ty of fi cers first e lecfed un'der tht? pro- 
visions of this A^'ti cle, shall en'ter up'on their du'- 
ties ten days after the ap prov'al of this con .sti tui- 
tion by the Cou'gress of the U nit' ed States. 

Sec'tion 11. 
Gov'ern or to ap point' jus' tic es. 
The Gov'ern or shall ap point 7 a suf iTcient num'» 
ber of Jus' tic es of the Peace in each coun'ty, who 
shall hold their plac'es un T til sections, four, five, and 
six of this Afti cle shall have been car'ried in' to ef- 
fect'. 

Section 12. 
char'ters to re main in force tjn'til le'cax ly 

CHANGED. 

All chapters, or'di nanc es and pro vis' ions re lafing 
to mu nic'i pal cor po ra'tions shall re main' in force 
un'tir le 7 gal ly changed, un less' inconsistent with 



ioo NORTH CAROLINA 

the provisions of this Con sti tu'tion. 

Sectin 13. 

X>EBTS IN AII> OF THE RE REL'lION NOT TO BE PAID, 

No coun'ty ,. city, town or oth'er mu nic'i pal cor po~ 
ra'tion shall assume' to pay , nor shall an'y tax be 
lev'ied or col lect'ed for the pay'mant of an'y debt, or 
the in' ter est upon' an' y debt, con'tract ed direct' ly 
or in di rect'ly in aid or sup port' of the re bel'lion. 

Sec'tion 14. 
pow'ers of gen'er al as sem'bly o'ver MUNICI- 
PAL COR PO RA'TIONS, 

• 

The Gen'eral Assem'bly shall have full pow'er by 
stat'ut * to modi fy, change, or ab ro gate an'y and 
all of the pro vis' ions- of this Ar'ticle, andsnb'sti tut± 
oth'ers in their place/ except' sec'tions sev'en, nin^ 
and thirteen. 

AR'TICLE VIII. 

Cos po ra'tions oth'er than Munic'i pal, 

Sec'tion i. 

cor po ra'tions un'der gen'er al laws. 

Cor po ra'tions may be formed un'der gen'er al laws, 

but shall not be creat'ed by spe'cial act f except' for 

nm nic'i pal pur' poses, and in cas'es where, in the 

judg'ment of the Leg is la ture, the ob'ject of the cor* 

po ra'tions c n'not te attained' un'der gen'er al laws. 

All gen'er al laws and spe'cial acts, passed pur su'ant 



CONSTITUTIONAL READ ER 101 

to t a is sec'tion, may be al'tered from time to time, or 
re pealed' . 

Sec'tion 2. 

DEBTS OF COR PO RA'TIoNS HOW SE CUr'eI). 

Dues from cor po ra'tioas shall be se cur'ed by such 
in di vid'u al li a bil'i ties of the cor po ra'tions and 
oth'er means, as may be pre scribed' by law, 

Sec'tion 3. 

WHAT CORPO RA'TIONS SHALL IN CLUDe'. 

The term cor po ra'tion as used in this Article, 
shall be construed' to include' all associations 
find joint' -stock com'pa nies, hav'ing an'y of pow'ers 
•a \ I )riv-'i Leg es of cor po ra'tions, not pos sessed' by 
i.u -li vid'u als orpart'ner ships. And all cor po ra' 
tions shall have the right to sue, and shall be sub'ject 
to be sued in all courts, in like cas'es as nat'ur al per' 
sons, 

Sec'tion 4. 

LEG IS La'tURE TO PRO VIDE' FOR ORIGAN IZ ING 

cit-ies, towns, &c. 
It shall be the du'ty of the Leg is la'ture to pro- 
vide' for the or gan i za'tion of cit'ies, towns and in- 
cor po rat'ed vil'lag es, and to re strict' their pow'er 
of tax a'tion, as sess'ment, bor'row ing moil ey, con- 
tract ing debts and loan'ing their cred'it, so as to pre- 
vent' a bus'es in as ses'ment and in con tract'ing 
debts by such mu nic'i pal cor po ra'tions. 



102 NOR TH CA R OLINA 

'. ii i in ■ ■ ■iii .i.. l ■i n iiii M iiimii nni B tfTiTOir iii i hiii I I——— r l H il HTrW 

AR'TICLEIX. 
Ed uca'tion. 
Sec' tion i. 
Ed u caption shall be en cour' aged 
Re lig'ion, mo ral'i ty and knowl'edge be'ing nee'* 
essa ry to good gov'ern ment and the hap'pi ness of 
man/kind, schools and the means of ed u ea'ticn shall 
forev'er be encouraged. 

Sec'tion 2. 

Gen'er al Assembly shall provide' for 
Schools; Sep a ra'tion o# the Races* 

The Gen'er al As sem'bly, at its first ses'sion tin'der 
this Consti tu'tion, shall provide' by taxd tion and 
otherwise, for a gen'er al and u'ni form sys'tem of 
pub'lic schools, wherein' tu i'tion shall t e free of 
charge to all the chil'dren of the State between' the 
ag'es of six and twen'ty-one years. And the chil'dren 
of the white race and the chil'dren of the col'ored 
race shall be taught in sep'a rate pub'lic schools; but 
there shall be no discrim in a' tion in fa'vor of, or to 
the prej'u dice of ei'ther race. 

Sec'tion3. 

Coun'ties to be di vid'ed in'to dis'tricts. 

Each coun'ty of the State shall be di vid'ed in'to a 

convenient num'ber of dis'tricts, in which one or 

more pub'lic schools shall be main tairied' at least 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 103 

four months in ev'er y year: and if the com mis'sion- 
ers of an'y coun'ty shull fail to coni'ply with the 

a fore'said re quire' ments of this sec'tion, they shall 
be li'a ble to in dict'ment. 

Sec'tion 4. 

WHAT PROP'ER TY DE VOT'ED TO ED U CA'TION AE PUr'- 

POS ES. 
The pro ceeds' of all lands that have been or here- 
after may be grant' ed by the Unit' ed States to this 
State, and not oth'er wise appropriated by this 
State or the Unit'ed States; al'so all mon'eys, stocks, 
bonds, and oth'er prop'erty, now belonging to an'y 
State fund for the pur' poses of ed uca'tion; al'so the 
net proceeds' of all sales of swamp lands be long'ing 
to the State, and all oth'er grants, gifts, or de vis'es, 
that have been or hereafter may be. made to the 
State and not oth'er wise ap pro'.pri at ed by tue State, 
or by the term of the grant, gift, or de vise', shall be 
paid in' to the State treas'ury ; and, to geth'er with so 
much of the or'di na ry rev'e nue of the State as nu,y 
be by law set a part' for that pur'pose, shall be faith' - 
ful ly ap pro'pri at ed for es tab'lish ing and main t i./- 
iug in this State a sys'tem of free pub'lic sci'ools, and 
for 110 oth'er us'es or pnr'poses what so ev'er. 

Sec'tion 5. 
coun'ty school fund; provi'so. 
All mon'eys, stocks, bonds, and oth'er prop'er ty, 



104 NORTH CAROLINA 

be long'ing to a coun'ty school funa; al'so, the net 
proceeds' from the sale of es trays'; al'so, the clear 
proceeds' of all pen' al ties and for'feit ures, and of all 
fines collect'ed in the sev'er al coun'lies for any 
breach of the pe'nal or mil'itary laws of the State; 
and all mon'eys which shall be paid by per'sons as an 
equiv'alent for ex emp'tion from mil'itary du'ty, 
shall be long' to and re main' in the sev'er al coun'lies, 
and sh ill be faith'ful ly appro'pn ated for establish- 
ing and main taiii'mg free pub'lic schools in the sev'- 
er al coun'ties of this State. Pro vid' ed, that the a- 
mount' col lect'ed in each coun'ty shall be an'nu al ly- 
re port'ed to the Su per in tend' en t of Pub lie In struc'- 
tion. 

Sec'tion 6. 

Elec'tion of Trustees', and Pro vis' ions for 
Main ten'ance of U ni ver'si ty. 

The Gen'er al As sem'bly shall have pow'er to pro- 
vide' for the elec'tion of Trustees' of the U ni ver'si ty 
of North Car oli'na, in whom, when chos'en, shall be 
vest'ed all the priv'i leg es, rights, franchises, and 
endow'ments there of, in an'y wise grant'ed to or 
con f erred' upon the Trus tees' of said U nl ver'si ty; 
and the Gen'er al As sem'bly may make such pro vis' 
ions, laws and reg ula'tions from time to time, as 
may be nee'es sa ry and ex pe'di eut for the main' tain* 
auce and manage ment of said U ni ver'si ty. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 105 



Sec'tion 7. 
bkn f fits of the u ni vfr' si ty. 
The Gen'er al As sem'bly shall provide' that the 
ben'e fits of the U ni ver'si ty,,as far as prac ti'ca ble 
be ex tend'ed to the youth of the State fiec of ex- 
pense' for tu i'tion; al'so, that all the prop er ty 
which has hare' to fore, ac crued; to the State, or 
shall hereafter accrue', from escheats', un claimed' 
div'i dends, or dis trib'u tive shares of the es tates' 
of de ceased' per' sons, shall be ap pro'pri at ed to the 
use of the U ni ver\si ty. 

Section 8. 
Board of Ed uca'tion. 

The Gov'ern or, Lieu ten'ant-Gov'ern or, Secreta- 
ry of State, Trtas'urer, Aud'itor, Superintend' ent 
of Pub'lie Instruction and At torn'ey-Gen'er al, shall 
Con'sti tute a State Board of Ed u ca'tion. 

Section 9. 
Pres'i dent and Sec're ta ry. 
The Gov'ern or shall be Pres'i dent, and the Su per- 
il! tend' ent of Pub'lic In struc'tion shall be Sec' re ta ry 
of the Board of Ed u ca'tion. 

Sec'tion 10. 

Pow'er of the Board. 
The Board of Ed u ca'tion shall sue ceed' to all the 
pow'ers and trusts of the Pres'i dent and Di rect'ors 
of the Lit'er a ry Fund of North Car oli'na, and shall 



*o6 NORTH CAROLINA 

MTfwiiwumiMiMfiiiii M«miiiiiMii iriinfnw«inwiiriT7wi ■■ i —■■ mimki I 'if Mil Ih1» 

have full pow'er to leg'is late and make all need'ful 
rules' and reg" u la'tions in relation to free pub' lie 
schools and the ed u ca'tional fund of the State: but 
all acts, rules and reg'u la tions of said Board may be 
al'tered, amend' ed or repealed' by the Get/eral As- 
sem'bly, and when so al'tered amend'ed or repealed 
they shall not be re-en act'ed by the Board. 

Sectin II. 
FIRST SES'SION OF THE BOARD. 

The first ses'sion of the Board of Ed u ca'tion shall 
be held at the cap'i tal of the State, with in' fifteen 
days after the or gan i za'tion of the State govern- 
ment un'der this Constitution; the time of fut'nre 
meet'ings may be de term'ined by the Board. 

Section 12. 
quo' RUM. 
A ma jor'i ty of the Board shall con'sti tute a quo' 
rom for the trans ac'tionof bus'i ness. 

Sectin 13, 

ex pens'" es. 
The con tin'gent ex pens' es of the Board shall be 
pro vid'ed by the Gen'er al Assem'bly. 

Sec' t 1 on 14. 

AG RI CUl'TUR AIv BE PART'MENT 

As soon as prac'ti ca ble after the adop'tion of this 

con sti tu'tio.. , the Gen'er al As sem'bly shall es tab'- 

ish and main tain', in con nec'tion with the U ni ver'- 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 107 



sity, a de part' ment of Ag ri coTture, of Me chan'ics, 
of Min'ing, and of Nor'tnal In stttc'tion. 

Sec'tion 15. 

children must at tend' school, 
The Gen'er al As sein'bly is here by' em pow'ered 
*o en act' that ev'ery child, of suf fi cient men'tal and 
phys'ic al a bil'i ty, shall at tend' the pub'lic schools 
dur'ing the pe'ri od between' the ages of six and 
eighteen years, for a term of not less than six' teen 
months, an less' ed u cat'ed by oth'er mesus. 

AR'TI CLE X. 

HOME' STEADS AND EX EMP'TIONS, 

Sec'tion I. 

EX EMP'TION OF PER' SON AL PROP'ER TY 

The per' son al prop'er ty of ?u!y res'i dent of this 
State, to the val'ne of five hmi'dre.d dol'lais, to be se- 
iecfed bp such resident, shall be, and is here by' 
ex emptied from sale un 7 der ex e cu'tion, or oth'er fi f - 
n.ai proc'ess of au'y court, is'siied for col lec'tion of 
an'y debt, 

Sec'tion 2, 

r 'S home' stead. 

Every home' stead, and the dwellings and build'- 
ings used there with', not ex ceed ; ing in val'ue one 
thou' sand dol'lars, to be se lect'ed by the own'er there- 
of, or in lieu th^re of at the op'tion of the own'er, 
an'y lot in a cit'y town or vil'lage, with the dwell'iug 



io8 NORTH CAROLINA 



and buildings used there on', owned and oc'cu pied by 
an'y res'i dent of this State, and not exceeding the 
val'ue of one thou'sand dol'lars, shall be ex empt' from 
sale un'der ex e cu'tion, or oth'er fi'nal proc'ess ob- 
tained' onan'y debt. But no prop'er ty shall be ex- 
empt' from sale for tax'es, or for pay' men t of ob li ga'- 
tions con' tract ed for the pnr chase of said prem'ises. 

Sec'tion 3. 

home' stead j3xkmpt' ed frcm debt. 

The home' stead after the death of the own'er 

there of, shall be ex empt' lrom the pay'ment of an'y 

debt dur'ing the mi nor'ity of his chil'dren, or an'y 

one of them. 

Sec'tion 4. 

LA'BOR ERS IvIEN. 

The pro vi'sions ofsec'tions one and two of this 
Ar'ti cle shafrue con strued' as to pre vent a la'bor er's 
lien for work done and per formed for the per son 
claim'ing such ex emp'tion,6r v a me chan'ic's lien for 
work done 011 the prem'is es. 

Sec'tion 5. 
ben'efitof wid'ow. 

If the own'er of a home'stead die T leaving a wid'ow 
but no chil'dren, the same shall be ex empt' from the 
debts of her htis'band, and the rents and profits there- 
of shall in sure' to her ben'e fit dur'ing her wid'ow- 
hood, un less she be the own'er of a home'stead in her 
own right. " 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER lop 

Sec'tion 6. 

prop'er ty of mar'ried wo'men se cured' to them. 

The real and per' son al prop'er ty of an'y fe'male 
in this State, acquired' before' mar'riage, and all 
prop'er ty, real and pers'onal, to which she may, af- 
ter mar'riage, be come in an'y man'ner en ti'tled, 
shall be and re main' the sole and sep'a rate es tate' 
and prop'er ty of such fe'male, and shall not be li'a ble 
for an' v debts, obligations or en gage'ments of her 
hus'band* and^may be devised' and bequeathed', and, 
with the writ' ten assent' of her hus'band, conveyed' 
by her as if she were un mar'ried. 

Sec'tion 7. 
hus'band may insure' his eife for the ben'efit 
of wife and children. 
The hus'band may insure' his life for the sole use 
and bene fit of his wife and child'ren, and in case of 
the death of the hus'band, the amount' thus insured' 
shall be paid ov'er to the wife and child'ren, or to 
the guar'di an, if un'der age, for her, or their own 
use, free from all the claims of the representatives 
of her has' band, or an'y of his creditors. 

Sec'tion 8. 

how deed for home' stead may be made. 

Noth'ing con tained' in the fore go' in g sec'tions of 

this Ar'ticle shall op'erate to prevent' the own'er of 

a home' stead from dis pos'ing of the same by deed; 



no NORTH CAROLINA 



but no deed made by the own'er of a home'stead 
shall be val'id with out' the voluntary, sig'nature 
and as sent' of his wife, sig'nified on her pri'vate ex- 
am i na'tion ac cord'ing to law. 

AR'TICLE XI. 
Pun'ish ments, Pe'nal In stitu'tions and Pub'- 
lic Char'i ties. 
Sec'tion i. 
punish ments; con vict la bor; pro vi so. 
The fol'low ing pun'ish ments on'ly shall be known 
to the laws of this State, viz: death, im pris'on ment, 
with or with out' hard la bo r , fines, re mov'al from 
office, anddis qual i fi ca'tion to hold and en joy an'y 
office of hou'or, trust or profit un'der this State. 
The fore go'ing pro vis'ion for im pris'on ment with 
hard hi' bor shall be con strnea' to au'thor ize the em- 
ploy'ment of such con'vict la'bor on pub'lic wOiks or 
high' ways, or oth'er la'bor for pub'lic ben'e fit, and 
the farm'ing out there of, where, and in such man'- 
ner as may be pro vid'ed by law; but no con'vict shall 
be farmed out who has been sen'tenced on a charge 
of mur'der, man'slaught er, rape, at tempt' to com- 
mit' rape or ar'son: Pro vid'ed, that no con'vict whose 
la'bor may be farmed out, shall be pun'ish ed for a'ny 
fail'ure of du ty us a la'bor er, ex cepf by a re spon'sr 
ble officer of the State; but the con'victs so farmed 
out shall be at all times un'der the super vi'sion and 
con trol', as to their gov'ern ment and dis'ci pline, of 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER m 



the Pen i ten ti a ry Board or some of fie er of this 
State. 

Sec'tion 2. 

DEATH PUN'iSH MENT. 

xhe ob'ject of pun'is«- ments be'iug not on'ly to 
sat'is fy jus'tice, but al'so to re form' the of feud'er, 
and thus pre vent' crime, mur'der, ar'son, hurg'ia ry 
and rape, and these on'ly may be pun'ish a ble with 
death, if the Gen'er al As sem'bly shall so en act'. 

Sec'tion 3. 
pen 1 ten'ti a ry. 
The Gen'er al Assem'ble shall, at its first meet'ing, 
make pro vi'sions for the erec'tion and con'duct of a 
State's Pris'on or Pen i ten'ti a ry, at some cen'tral 
and access'i ble point within' the State. 

Sec'tion 4. 
hous'es of correction. 
The Gen'er al As sem'bly may provide' for the e- 
"ec'tion of Hous'es of Correction, where va'grants 
nd per' sons guil'ty of mis de mean'ors shall be re- 
trained' and use'ful ly employed'. 

Sec'tion s< 
Hous'es of ref'uge. 
A H )use, or H )us'es of Refuge may be es tab'lished 
hen ev'er the pub'Hc iu'terest may requite' it, for 
he correc'tion and in struc'tion of oth'er class'es of 



112 NORTH CAROLINA 

of fead'ers. 

Sec'tion 6. 
The sex'es to be sep'a rated. 
It shall be required', by com'petent legislation, 
that the structure and su per in tend'ence of pe'nal 
in stitu'tious of the State, the coun'ty jails, and cit'y 
police' pris'ons, se cure' the health and ccm'ici t of 
the pris'on ers, and that male and fe'male prison ers 
be nev'er con fined' in the same room or cell. 

Sec'tion 7. 

PRO Vl'SION FOR THE POOR AND ORPHANS. 

Be lief i cent pro vis'ion for the poor, the 1111 for'tu- 
nate and or'phan, be'ingone of first du'ties of a civ'il- 
izid and Chris' tian State, the Gen'er al As sem'bly 
shall, at its first ses'sion, ap point' and de fine' the du'- 
ties of a Board of Pub'lic Char'i ties, to whom shall be 
en trust'ed the su per vis'ion of all char'i ta ble and 
pe'nal State in sti tu'tions, and who shall an'nu al ly re- 
port' to theGov'eru or vp on' their condi'tion, with 
sug ges'tions for their im prove' ment. 

. Sec'tion 8. 

or'phan hous'ee 
There shall al'so, as soon as prac'ti ca ble, be- 
meas'ures de vised' by the State, for the es tab'lish- 
ment of one or more Or'phan Hous'es, where desti- 
tute or'phans may be cared for, ed'u cated, and 
taught some bus' i ness or trade. 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER iij 

Section 9. 

IN E'BRI ATES AND ID'l OTvS. 

It shall be the du'ty of the L,eg is la'ture, as soon 
as prac'ti ca ble, to de vise' means for the ed u ca'tion 
of id'i ots and in e'bri ates. 

Sec'tion 10. 
deaf mutes, blind and in sane' . 
The Gen'er al As sem'bly may pro vide 7 that the 
in' di gent deaf mutes, blind, and insane' of the State 
shall be cared for at the charge of the State. 

Sec'tion 11. 

SELF SUP PORT'lNG. 

It shall be stead'i ly kept in 'dew by the Leg is la'- 
ture, and the Board of Pub'lic Char'i ties, that all pe' _ 
nal and char'it a ble in sti tu'tiqns should be made as 
near'ly self-sup port'ing as is con sist'ent with the 
pur'pos es of their ere a'tion. 

AR'TICLE XII. 
All li'tia.. 

Sec'tion 1. 

WHO ARE Li'A ELE TO MI Ll'TIA DU'TY. 
All a'ble-bod'ied male cit'i zei 2 of 

North Car o li'na, be tween' the ag'es of twen'ty-one 
and for' ty years, who are cit'i zens of the U r.it'ed 
State.- ; be li'a tie to du'ty in the mi li'tia: . 

i:s who may be a verse' to bear'- 
ing amis, from re l'ig'ious scruph ball bee: ed 



1X4 NORTH CAROLINA 

■m— mo— mm— — — i mil i mi ii m—b— iii ii minimi ii iiimiiii tmm mi »■■— — — n^ 

there from'. 

Sec'tion 2. 

OR'GAN IZ ING, ETC: 

The Gen'er al As'sem'bly shall provide' for the 
or'gan iz iug, arm'ing, e quip' ping and dis'ci pline of 
the mi li'tia, and for pay'ing the same, when called 
in' to ae'tive ser'viee. 

Sec'tion 3. 
gov'ern or com mand'er-in-chief. 

The Gov'ern or shall be Com mand'er-in-Ctiief, 
and shall have pow'er to call out the mi li'tia to ex'- 
e cute tho law, suppress' ri'ots or insurrections, 
and to repel' in va'sion. 

Sec'tion 4. 

EX EMP'TIONS. 

The Gen'er al Assem'bly shall have pow'er to 
make such exemptions as may be deemed nee'es sa- 
ry, and to en act' laws that may be ex pe'dient for 
the gov'ern ment of the mi li'tia. 

AR'TI CLE XIII. 

Amend' ments. 

Sec'tion r. 

conven'tion, how called. 

No Con ven'tion of the peo'ple of this State shall 

ev'er be called by the Gen'er al Assem'bly, unless' 

by con cur'rence of two-thirds of all the mern'bers of 

each House of the Gen'er al Assem'bly, and ex cpet' 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER n 5 

the prop o si'tion, Con ven'tipn or No Con ven'tion 
be first sub mit'ted to the qual'i fled vot'ers of the 
whole vState, at the next gen'er al e lec'tionin a 
man'ner to be pre scribed' by law. And should a 
ma jor'i ty of the votes cast be in fa'vor of said Con- 
ven'tion, it shall as sem'ble on such da}' as m2Y be 
pre scribed' by the Gen'er al As sem'bly. 

Sec'tion 2. 
how the cox st i tu'tiox may be altered. 
No part of the Con <*ti tu'tiou of this State shall be 
al'tered, uti less' a bill to al'ter the same shall have 
been a greed' to by three-fifths' of each House of the 
Gen'er al As' sem'bly. And the a mend'ment or a- 
iheiici'iileiits so a greed' to shall be sub mit'ted at the 
next gen'er al e lec'tion to the qual'i lied vot'trs of 
the whole State, in such man'ner as may be pre scribed' 
by law. And in the e vent' of their a dop'tion by a 
majority of the votes cast, such a n:cnd'n er.t 
or ain^nd'nients shall become' a part of the Con sti- 
tu'tion of this State. 

AR'TI CLE XIV. 
Mis cex la'xe ous. 

Sec'tion r. 

in dict'ments. 
All in dict'ments which shall have been found, or 
may here after be found, for an'y crime or of fence' 
com mit'ted be fore' this Con sti tu'tion takes ef feet', 
may be pro ceed'ed upon' in the prop'er Courts, but 
no pun'ish ment shall be in flict'ed which is for bid'- 



u6 NOR TH CA R OL IN A 



den by tliis Con st.i tu'tio.n, 

Sec'tion 2. 
pen'al ty for fighting bu'EE. 
No per'son shall here after fight a du'el, or as sisf 
in the same as a sec'ond, or send, ac cept', or know' 
ing ly car'ry a challenge there for', or a gree' to go 
out of the Slate to fight a du'el, shall hold au'y of- 
fice ill this State. 

Sec'xiqn 3. 

DRAW' ING MON'EY- 

No mon'ey shall be drawn from the treas' nr y but 
in c.oti'se quence of ap pro pri a'tions made by law; 
and an ac'cu rate ac count' of the re ceipts' and ex- 
pend' i Hires of the pub' lie mon'ey shall be an'n-u ai ly 
published. 

SEc'TiON.4. 

ME CHAn'iCS' LIEN. 

The Gen'er al Asseni'bly shall pro vide', by propt- 
er leg is la'tion, for giv'ing to me cha-n'ics and la'bor- 
ers an ad'equate lien on the sub'jeet mat' ter of their 

1. r <■ 

la bor. 

Sec'tion 5. 
■ gov ern or to make ap pointoments. 
In the ab'sence of an' y con'trary pro vis' ion, all 
of fi cers of the State, Whether hereto fore' elect' ed, 
or appointed' by the gov'ern or, shall hold their 
si'tious. on'ly un'ti! oth'er ap point' ments arc made 



CONSTITUTIONAL READER 117 

by the Gov'ern or, or, if the of'fi cers are e lec'tive, 
uti'til their sue cess'ors shall have been cho'sen and 
du'ly qual'i fied ac cord'ing to the pro vis'ions of this 
Con sti tu'tion. 

Sec'tion 6. 
skat of govern ment. 

The seat of gov'ern ment of this State shall re- 
main 7 at the Cit'y of Ral'eigh. 

Sec'tion 7. 
hoed'ing of'fice. 

No per'son, who shall hold an'y office or place of 
trust or profit un'der the U nit'ed States or an'y de- 
partment there of, or un'der this State, or un'der 
an'y oth'er State, or gov'ern ment, shall hold or ex'er- 
cise an'y oth'er office or place of trust or profit un'- 
der the au tbor'i ty of this State, or be el'i gi ble to a 
seat in ei'ther House of the Gen'er al As sem'bly: 
Pro vid' ed, that noth'ing here in' con tained' shall ex- 
tend' to of fie ers in the mili'tia, Jus' tic es of the 
Peace, Com mis' slon ers of Pub'lic Char'i ties, or 
com mis'sion ers for spe'eial pur' poses. 

Sec'tion 8. 
in ter mar'riage of whites and ne'greos pro- 

hib'ited. 

All mar' ri ages between' a white per' son and a 
ne'gro, or between' a white per'son and a per' son o* 
ne'gro de' cent to the third gen er a'tion inclu'she, 
are here by' forev'er prohibited. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

027 272 395 3 




